素體詩

素體詩

素體詩(blank verse),英語格律詩的一種。由揚抑格五音步寫成,每行用五個長短格音步--十個音節組成,每首行數不拘,不押韻。

英文解釋

blank verse: is the unrhymed iambic pentameter line.

例詩欣賞

1、莎士比亞的劇作大部分由素體詩寫成,如《如願》中第二幕第七景以下詩行:

All the world’s a stage,

And all the men and women, merely players;

They have their exits and their entrances,

And one man in his time plays many parts,

His Acts being seven ages. At first the infant,

Mewling, and puking in the nurse’s arms:

(Shakespeare: As You Like It, Act II, Scene 7)

整個世界是一座舞台,

所有的男男女女不過是演員罷了:

他們有上場;有下場法;

一個人一生扮演好幾種角色,

他一生的情節共分七個時期。

最初是嬰孩,在保姆的懷裡號啼嘔吐。(梁實秋 譯)

2、彌爾頓的史詩《失樂園》也是用素體寫成的,如一開始的第27行至第33行:

Say first—for heaven hides nothing from thy view,

Nor the deep tract of Hell—say first what cause

Moved our grand Parensts, in that happy state,

Favoured of Heaven so highly, to fall off

From their Creator, and transgress his will

For one restraint, lords of the World besides.

Who first seduced them to that foul revolt?

(John Milton: The Paradise Lost)

請先說,天界和地獄深淵,

在您的眼中,一切都了如指掌;

請先講,為什麼我們的始祖,

在那樣的樂土,得天惠那樣獨厚,

除了那唯一的禁令以外,他倆

本是世界的主宰;竟背叛而自絕於

他們的創造主?當初是誰引誘

他們犯下這不幸的忤逆呢?(朱維之 譯)

3、華茲華斯講述自己心靈成長的長詩《序曲》,同樣也是用素體寫成的,如第三卷的開始詩節:

It was a dreary Morning when the Wheels

Rolled over a wide plain o’erhung with clouds,

And nothing cheered our way till first we saw

The long-roof’d Chapel of King’s College lift

Turrets, and pinnacles in answering files,

Extended high above a dusky grove.

(William Wordsworth: The Prelude, Book Third)

那是個淒涼的早晨,車輪在烏雲

籠罩的平原上滾動,一路上我們

無精打采,直至見國王學院的

長行禮拜堂從一片昏暗的樹林中

徐徐托出它的塔樓與尖頂,

它們縱列成行,相互呼應。(丁宏為 譯)

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