重心法概述
什麼叫重心法?
重心法是一種設定單個廠房或倉庫的方法，這種方法主要考慮的因素是現有設施之間的距離和要運輸的貨物量，經常用於中間倉庫或分銷倉庫的選擇。商品運輸量是影響商品運輸費用的主要因素，倉庫儘可能接近運量較大的網點，從而使較大的商品運量走相對較短的路程，就是求出本地區實際商品運量的重心所在的位置。
重心法計算公式
重心法首先要在坐標系中標出各個地點的位置，目的在於確定各點的相對距離。坐標系可以隨便建立。在國際選址中，經常採用經度和緯度建立坐標。然後，根據各點在坐標系中的橫縱坐標值求出成本運輸最低的位置坐標X和Y，重心法使用的公式是：
重心法
重心法
重心法公式中
Cx-- 重心的x坐標；
Cy-- 重心的y坐標；
Dix--第i個地點的x坐標；
Diy--第i個地點的y坐標；
Vi--運到第i個地點或從第i個地點運出的貨物量。
最後，選擇求出的重心點坐標值對應的地點作為要布置設施的地點。
英文注釋
The centre-of-gravity method is used to find a location which minimizes transportation costs. It is based on the idea that all possible location have value which is the sum of all transportation costs to and from that location. The best location, the one which minimizes costs, is represented by what in a physical analogy would be the weighted centre-of-gravity of all points to and from which goods are transported.
In practice, the optimum location might also be influenced by other factors such as the transportation network. so if the optimum location was at a point with poor access to a suitable road or at some other unsuitable location (in a residential area or the middle of a lake for example) then the location will need to be adjusted.
