假牛繁縷科

假牛繁縷科

假牛繁縷科又名纖花草科或假繁縷科,只有一屬—假牛繁縷屬(纖花草屬、假繁縷屬),已知共3種。

基本信息

簡介

假牛繁縷科假牛繁縷科
假牛繁縷科又名纖花草科或假繁縷科,只有一屬—假牛繁縷屬纖花草屬假繁縷屬),已知共3種,分布於非洲加那利群島、地中海地區中國和、日本,中國有2種,分布在四川西藏一帶。

特徵

假牛繁縷科植物皆為一年生草本;單葉,下部對生,上部互生;,花單性,同株,雄花萼2-3裂,雌花萼管狀,2-4裂;果實為球形的小堅果。

分類

1981年的克朗奎斯特分類法將本科列入茜草目,1998年根據基因親緣關係分類的APG 分類法和2003年經過修訂的APG II 分類法不承認這個科,將本屬合併到茜草科中,列在龍膽目中。

所屬目

龍膽目被子植物門雙子葉植物綱的一個目,依照 APG 植物分類系統(Update of the angiosperm Phylogeny Group)的分類方式,龍膽目有5個科,分別是夾竹桃科胡蔓藤科龍膽科馬錢科茜草科
早期的分類系統 Cronquist system,在龍膽目下有6個科,分別是夾竹桃科、龍膽科、馬錢科、蘿藦科、Retziaceae、Saccifoliaceae。胡蔓藤科包含在馬錢科內,茜草科則分類在茜草目下。

代表植物

假牛繁縷假牛繁縷

中文名:假牛繁縷
Name:Theligonum macranthum
屬:假繁縷

直立多汁草本,高30-50厘米。莖多少有銹色短柔毛,尤其在近節處。葉在下部的對生,上部的互生,草質,卵形、卵狀披針形或近橢圓形,長2-5厘米,寬1.5-3厘米,兩面疏生短柔毛或變無毛;葉柄長5-18毫米,近無毛;托葉膜質,卵形或卵狀三角形,與葉柄基部合生。花雌雄同株;雄花生於上部,每2朵與葉對生;花萼綠色,萼筒長約2毫米,裂片3,近條形,長6-8毫米,寬約1.5毫米,開放後反卷;雄蕊約20餘枚,下垂,花絲極纖細;雌花極小,腋生;子房被毛,花柱生於一側。 產四川東部與西部。生於海拔2000-2400米之林下或陰濕處。

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菊亞綱

菊亞綱雙子葉植物綱的一亞綱,共11目,49科,約60000種,為被子植物門中最大的一個亞綱。木本或草本。常單葉,花4輪,花冠常結合,雄蕊與花冠裂片同數或更少,常著生在花冠筒上,絕不與花冠片對生,心皮2—5,常2,結合。
龍膽目馬錢科;Retziaceae;龍膽科;Saccifoliaceae;夾竹桃科蘿藦科
茄目Duckeodendraceae;Nolanaceae;茄科鏇花科菟絲子科莕菜科花荵科田基麻科
唇形目Lennoaceae;紫草科馬鞭草科唇形科
水馬齒目杉葉藻科水馬齒科;Hydrostachyaceae
車前目車前科
玄參目醉魚草科木犀科玄參科;Globulariaceae;苦檻藍科列當科苦苣苔科爵床科胡麻科紫葳科;Mcndonciaceae;狸藻科
桔梗目五膜草科尖瓣花科桔梗科花柱草科;Donatiaceae;Brunoniaceae;草海桐科
茜草目茜草科假牛繁縷科
川續斷目忍冬科五福花科敗醬科川續斷科
CalyceralesCalyceraceae
菊目菊科

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