定義
英語單詞中由動詞原形轉變為過去式和過去分詞時不按詞尾加“-ed”之變化規則者叫做不規則動詞(Irregular Verbs)。
現代英語新生成的動詞都歸入“-ed”的規則變化,例如:
park→parked (停車--1864)
fax→faxed (以傳真傳送--1979)
e-mail→e-mailed (以電腦網路傳送--1982)
(所附年次為最早用例出現年次--O.E.D.)
因此,不規則動詞可以說都是古英語動詞的不規則變化因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天者,所以我們今天在學習英語時絕對無法,也不可能規避這些不規則動詞。
從英語的演變來看,不規則動詞就是強勢動詞(Strong Verbs)--即其詞形變化全依其本身之語音(尤其是元音)變化來進行而不藉助詞尾的變化。例如:
原形: buy sing speak
過去式: bought sang spoke
過去分詞: bought sung spoken
我們學習不規則動詞的時候,最有效的方法就是要針對這種詞形變化的現象,了解其變化的型式,發出聲音背念,使其能自然地隔入我們的speaking和writing,這樣才能說確實地把不規則動詞學會了。
註:與強勢動詞相對,須藉助“-ed”之詞尾來進行詞形變化的規則動詞就叫做弱勢動詞(Weak Verbs)。
表格
AAA型
現在式、過去式和過去分詞同形,保持不變,除進行式外
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| cost | cost | cost | 花費 |
| cut | cut | cut | 割,切 |
| hit | hit | hit | 打 |
| put | put | put | 放下 |
| read # | read | read | 讀 |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | 受傷 |
| let | let | let | 讓 |
註:read的過去式和過去分詞的讀音與動詞原型的讀音不同。
AAB型
現在式和過去式同形
詞例:
| 動詞原型 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| beat | beat | beat en | 打 |
ABA型
現在式和過去分詞同形
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| come | c a me | come | 來到 |
| become | bec a me | become | 變 |
| run | r a n | run | 跑 |
| overcome | overc a me | overcome | 征服,打敗 |
ABB型
過去式與過去分詞同形
分為以下情形:
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| burn | burn t | burn t | 燃燒 |
| learn | learn ed / learn t | learn ed / learn t | 學習 |
| mean | mean t | mean t | 含義 |
| hear | hear d | hear d | 聽見 |
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| build | buil t | buil t | 建築 |
| lend | len t | len t | 借 |
| send | sen t | sen t | 傳送 |
| spend | spen t | spen t | 花費 |
③ 其他不規則的各種變化。
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 | 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| pay | paid | paid | 付錢 | lay | laid | laid | 下蛋 |
| say | said | said | 說 | bring | brought | brought | 帶來 |
| buy | bought | bought | 買 | fight | fought | fought | 戰鬥 |
| think | thought | thought | 思考 | sleep | slept | slept | 睡覺 |
| feel | felt | felt | 感覺 | keep | kept | kept | 保持 |
| sweep | swept | swept | 掃 | stand | stood | stood | 站 |
| understand | understood | understood | 理解 | win | won | won | 勝利 |
| catch | caught | caught | 抓住 | teach | taught | taught | 教 |
| find | found | found | 發現 | get | got | got | 得到 |
| hold | held | held | 握 | leave | left | left | 離開 |
| make | made | made | 製造 | meet | met | met | 遇見 |
| shoot | shot | shot | 射擊 | dig | dug | dug | 挖 |
| smell | smelt / smelled | smelt / smelled | 嗅,聞 | shine | shone / shined | shone / shined | 發光 |
| sit | sat | sat | 坐下 | have | had | had | 有 |
ABC型
三詞不同形,分為以下情形:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 | 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| eat | ate | eat en | 吃 | fall | f e ll | fall en | 落下 |
| give | g a ve | give n | 給 | take | t ook | take n | 拿,記錄,拍攝 |
| see | s aw | see n | 看見 | write | wr o te | writte n | 寫 |
| ride | r o de | ridde n | 騎 | drive | dr o ve | drive n | 駕駛 |
| throw | thr e w | throw n | 拋,扔 | blow | bl e w | blow n | 吹 |
| grow | grew | grow n | 生長 | know | kn e w | know n | 知道 |
| show | showed | show n | 展示 | draw | dr e w | draw n | 拉,繪畫,抽籤 |
② 過去式加-n或-en構成過去分詞。
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| speak | spoke | spoke n | 說話 |
| break | broke | broke n | 破碎 |
| choose | chose | chose n | 選擇 |
| forget | forgot | forgott en | 忘記 |
| freeze | froze | froze n | 凝固 |
③ 把單詞在重讀音節中的元音字母“i”變成“a”(過去式)和“u”(過去分詞)。
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| begin | beg a n | beg u n | 開始 |
| ring | r a ng | r u ng | 按鈴 |
| sing | s a ng | s u ng | 唱 |
| sink | s a nk | s u nk | 沉 |
| swim | sw a m | sw u m | 游泳 |
| drink | dr a nk | dr u nk | 喝 |
| 序號 | 不定式 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 |
| 1 | abide | ab o de, abided | ab o de, abided |
| 2 | arise | ar o se | arise n |
| 3 | awake | awoke | awaked, awoken |
| 4 | be | was | been |
| 5 | bear | bore | borne, born |
| 6 | beat | beat | beaten |
| 7 | become | became | become |
| 8 | befall | befell | befallen |
| 9 | beget | begot | begotten |
| 10 | begin | began | begun |
| 11 | behold | beheld | beheld |
| 12 | bend | bent | bent |
| 13 | bereave | bereaved, bereft | bereaved, bereft |
| 14 | beseech | besought | besought |
| 15 | beset | beset | beset |
| 16 | bet | bet, betted | bet, betted |
| 17 | betake | betook | betaken |
| 18 | bethink | bethought | bethought |
| 19 | bid | bade, bid | bidden, bid |
| 20 | bind | bound | bound |
| 21 | bite | bit | bitten, bit |
| 22 | bleed | bled | bled |
| 23 | blend | blended, blent | blended, blent |
| 24 | bless | blessed, blest | blessed, blest |
| 25 | blow | blew | blown |
| 26 | break | broke | broken |
| 27 | breed | bred | bred |
| 28 | bring | brought | brought |
| 29 | broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted |
| 30 | build | built | built |
| 31 | burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned |
| 32 | burst | burst | burst |
| 33 | buy | bought | bought |
| 34 | cast | cast | cast |
| 35 | catch | caught | caught |
| 36 | chide | chided, chid | chided, chidden |
| 37 | choose | chose | chosen |
| 38 | cleave | clove, cleft | cloven, cleft |
| 39 | cling | clung | clung |
| 40 | clothe | clothed, clad | clothed, clad |
| 41 | come | came | come |
| 42 | cost | cost | cost |
| 43 | creep | crept | crept |
| 44 | crow | crowed, crew | crowed |
| 45 | cut | cut | cut |
| 46 | dare | dared, durst | dared |
| 47 | deal | dealt | dealt |
| 48 | dig | dug | dug |
| 49 | dive | dived; (US) dove | dived |
| 50 | do | did | done |
| 51 | draw | drew | drawn |
| 52 | dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt, dreamed |
| 53 | drink | drank | drunk |
| 54 | drive | drove | driven |
| 55 | dwell | dwelt | dwelt |
| 56 | eat | ate | eaten |
| 57 | fall | fell | fallen |
| 58 | feed | fed | fed |
| 59 | feel | felt | felt |
| 60 | fight | fought | fought |
| 61 | find | found | found |
| 62 | flee | fled | fled |
| 63 | fling | flung | flung |
| 64 | fly | flew | flown |
| 65 | forbear | forbore | forborne |
| 66 | forbid | forbade, forbad | forbidden |
| 67 | forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
| 68 | foreknow | foreknew | foreknown |
| 69 | foresee | foresew | foreseen |
| 70 | foretell | foretold | foretold |
| 71 | forget | forgot | forgotten |
| 72 | forgive | forgave | forgiven |
| 73 | forsake | forsook | forsaken |
| 74 | forswear | forswore | forsworn |
| 75 | freeze | froze | frozen |
| 76 | gainsay | gainsaid | gainsaid |
| 77 | get | got | got; (US) gotten |
| 78 | gild | gilded, gilt | gilded |
| 79 | gird | girded, girt | girded, girt |
| 80 | give | gave | given |
| 81 | go | went | gone |
| 82 | grave | graved | graven, graved |
| 83 | grind | ground | ground |
| 84 | grow | grew | grown |
| 85 | hamstring | hamstringed, hamstrung | hamstringed , hamstrung |
| 86 | hang | hung, hanged | hung, hanged |
| 87 | have | had | had |
| 88 | hear | heard | heard |
| 89 | heave | heaved, hove | hesved, hove |
| 90 | hew | hewed | hewed, hewn |
| 91 | hide | hid | hidden |
| 92 | hit | hit | hit |
| 93 | held | held | held |
| 94 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
| 95 | inlay | inlaid | inlaid |
| 96 | keep | kept | kept |
| 97 | kneel | knelt | knelt |
| 98 | knit | knitted, knit | knitted, knit |
| 99 | know | knew | known |
| 100 | lade | laded | laden |
| 101 | lay | laid | laid |
| 102 | load | led | led |
| 103 | lean | leant, leaned | leant, leaned |
| 104 | leap | leapt, leaped | leapt, leaped |
| 105 | learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned |
| 106 | leave | left | left |
| 107 | lend | lent | lent |
| 108 | let | let | let |
| 109 | lie | lay | lain |
| 110 | light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted |
| 111 | lose | lost | lost |
| 112 | make | made | made |
| 113 | mean | meant | meant |
| 114 | meet | met | met |
| 115 | melt | melted | melted, molten |
| 116 | miscast | miscast | miscast |
| 117 | misdeal | misdealt | misdealt |
| 118 | misgive | misgave | misgiven |
| 119 | mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
| 120 | mislead | misled | misled |
| 121 | misspell | misspelt | misspelt |
| 122 | misspend | misspent | misspent |
| 123 | mistake | mistook | mistaken |
| 124 | misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
| 125 | mow | mowed | mown; (US) mowed |
| 126 | outbid | outbid | outbid |
| 127 | outdo | outdid | outdone |
| 128 | outg o | outwent | outgone |
| 129 | outgrow | outgrew | outgrown |
| 130 | outride | outrode | outridden |
| 131 | outrun | outran | outrun |
| 132 | outshine | outshone | outshone |
| 133 | overbear | overbore | overborne |
| 134 | overcast | overcast | overcast |
| 135 | overcome | overcame | overcome |
| 136 | overdo | overdid | overdone |
| 137 | overhang | overhung | overhung |
| 138 | overhea r | overheard | overheard |
| 139 | overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
| 140 | overleap | overleapt, overleaped | overleapt, overleaped |
| 141 | overlie | overlay | overlain |
| 142 | override | overrode | overridden |
| 143 | overrun | overran | overun |
| 144 | oversee | oversaw | overseen |
| 145 | overshoot | overshot | overshot |
| 146 | oversleep | overslept | overslept |
| 147 | overtake | overtook | overtaken |
| 148 | overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
| 149 | partake | partook | partaken |
| 150 | pay | paid | paid |
| 151 | prove | proved | proved, proven |
| 152 | put | put | put |
| 153 | quit | quitted, quit | quitted, quit |
| 154 | read | read [red] | read [red] |
| 155 | rebind | rebound | rebound |
| 156 | rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt |
| 157 | recast | recast | recast |
| 158 | redo | redid | redone |
| 159 | relay | relaid | relaid |
| 160 | remake | remade | remade |
| 161 | rend | rent | rent |
| 162 | repay | repaid | repaid |
| 163 | rerun | reran | rerun |
| 164 | reset | reset | reset |
| 165 | retell | retold | retold |
| 166 | rewrite | rewrote | rewritten |
| 167 | rid | red, redded | rid, ridded |
| 168 | ride | rode | ridden |
| 169 | ring | rang | rung |
| 170 | rise | rose | risen |
| 171 | rive | rived | riven, rived |
| 172 | run | ran | run |
| 173 | saw | sawed | sawn, sawed |
| 174 | say | said | said |
| 175 | see | saw | seen |
| 176 | seek | sought | sought |
| 177 | sell | sold | sold |
| 178 | send | sent | sent |
| 179 | set | set | set |
| 180 | sew | sewed | sewn, sewed |
| 181 | shake | shook | shaken |
| 182 | shave | shaved | shaved, shaven |
| 183 | shear | sheared | sheared, shorn |
| 184 | shed | shed | shed |
| 185 | shine | shone | shone |
| 186 | shoe | shod | shod |
| 187 | shoot | shot | shot |
| 188 | show | showed | shown, showed |
| 189 | shrink | shrank, shrunk | shrunk, shrunken |
| 190 | shrive | shrove, shrived | shriven, shrived |
| 191 | shut | shut | shut |
| 192 | sing | sang, sung | sung |
| 193 | sink | sank, sunk | sunk; sunken |
| 194 | sit | sat | sat |
| 195 | slay | slew | slain |
| 196 | sleep | slept | slept |
| 197 | slide | slid | slid |
| 198 | sling | slung | slung |
| 199 | slink | slunk | slunk |
| 200 | slit | slit | slit |
| 201 | smell | smelt; smelled | smelt; smelled |
| 202 | smite | smote | smitten |
| 203 | sow | sowed | sown, sowed |
| 204 | speak | spoke | spoken |
| 205 | speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded |
| 206 | spell | spelt, spelled | spelt, spelled |
| 207 | spend | spent | spent |
| 208 | spill | spilt, spilled | spilt, spilled |
| 209 | spin | spun, span | spun |
| 210 | spit | spat, spit | spat, spit |
| 211 | spoil | spoilt, spoiled | spoilt, spoiled |
| 212 | spread | spread | spread |
| 213 | spring | sprang, sprung | sprung |
| 214 | stand | stood | stood |
| 215 | stave | staved, stove | staved, stove |
| 216 | steal | stole | stolen |
| 217 | stick | stuck | stuck |
| 218 | sting | stung | stung |
| 219 | stink | stank, stunk | stunk |
| 220 | strew | strewed | strewn, strewed |
| 221 | stride | strode | stridden, strid |
| 222 | strike | struck | struck, stricken |
| 223 | string | strung | strung |
| 224 | strive | strove | striven |
| 225 | swear | swore | sworn |
| 226 | sweep | swept | swept |
| 227 | swell | swelled | swollen, swelled |
| 228 | swim | swam | swum |
| 229 | swing | swung | swung |
| 230 | take | took | taken |
| 231 | teach | taught | taught |
| 232 | tear | tore | torn |
| 233 | tell | told | told |
| 234 | think | thought | thought |
| 235 | thrive | throve, thrived | thriven, thrived |
| 236 | throw | threw | thrown |
| 237 | thrust | thrust | thrust |
| 238 | tread | trod | trodden, trod |
| 239 | unbend | unbent | unbent |
| 240 | unbind | unbound | unbound |
| 241 | underbid | underbid | underbid, underbidden |
| 242 | undergo | underwent | undergone |
| 243 | understand | understood | understood |
| 244 | undertake | undertook | undertaken |
| 245 | undo | undid | undone |
| 246 | upset | upset | upset |
| 247 | wake | woke, waked | woken, waked |
| 248 | waylay | waylaid | waylaid |
| 249 | wear | wore | worn |
| 250 | weave | wove | woven |
| 251 | weep | wept | wept |
| 252 | win | won | won |
| 253 | wind | wound | wound |
| 254 | withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
| 255 | withhold | withheld | withheld |
| 256 | withstand | withstood | withstood |
| 257 | work | worked, wrought | worked, wrought |
| 258 | wring | wrung | wrung |
| 259 | write | wrote | written |
形式列表
AAA型
現在式、過去式和過去分詞同形,保持不變,除進行式外
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| cost | cost | cost | 花費 |
| cut | cut | cut | 割,切 |
| hit | hit | hit | 打 |
| put | put | put | 放下 |
| read # | read | read | 讀 |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | 受傷 |
| let | let | let | 讓 |
# “Read” 的“過去式”和“過去分詞”的讀音和動詞原型的不同。
AAB型
現在式和過去式同形
詞例:
| 動詞原型 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| beat | beat | beaten | 打 |
ABA型
現在式和過去分詞同形
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| come | came | come | 來到 |
| become | became | become | 變 |
| run | ran | run | 跑 |
| overcome | overcame | overcome | 征服,打敗 |
ABB型
過去式與過去分詞同形
分為以下情形:
① 在動詞原形後加一個輔音字母d或t。
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| burn | burnt | burnt | 燃燒 |
| learn | learned / learnt | learned / learnt | 學習 |
| mean | meant | meant | 含義 |
| hear | heard | heard | 聽見 |
② 把動詞原形的最後一個輔音字母“d”改為“t”。
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| build | built | built | 建築 |
| lend | lent | lent | 借 |
| send | sent | sent | 傳送 |
| spend | spent | spent | 花費 |
③ 其他不規則的各種變化。
詞例:
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 | 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| pay | paid | paid | 付錢 | lay | laid | laid | 下蛋 |
| say | said | said | 說 | bring | brought | brought | 帶來 |
| buy | bought | bought | 買 | fight | fought | fought | 戰鬥 |
| think | thought | thought | 思考 | sleep | slept | slept | 睡覺 |
| feel | felt | felt | 感覺 | keep | kept | kept | 保持 |
| sweep | swept | swept | 掃 | stand | stood | stood | 站 |
| understand | understood | understood | 理解 | win | won | won | 勝利 |
| catch | caught | caught | 抓住 | teach | taught | taught | 教 |
| find | found | found | 發現 | get | got | got | 得到 |
| hold | held | held | 握 | leave | left | left | 離開 |
| make | made | made | 製造 | meet | met | met | 遇見 |
| shoot | shot | shot | 射擊 | dig | dug | dug | 挖 |
| smell | smelt / smelled | smelt / smelled | 嗅,聞 | shine | shone / shined | shone / shined | 發光 |
| sit | sat | sat | 坐下 | have | had | had | 有 |
ABC型
三詞不同形,分為以下情形:
① 在動詞原形後加-n或-en 構成過去分詞 。
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 | 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| eat | ate | eaten | 吃 | fall | fell | fallen | 落下 |
| give | gave | given | 給 | take | took | taken | 拿,記錄,拍攝 |
| see | saw | seen | 看見 | write | wrote | written | 寫 |
| ride | rode | ridden | 騎 | drive | drove | driven | 駕駛 |
| throw | threw | thrown | 拋,扔 | blow | blew | blown | 吹 |
| grow | grew | grown | 生長 | know | knew | known | 知道 |
| show | showed | shown | 展示 | draw | drew | drawn | 拉,繪畫,抽籤 |
② 過去式加-n或-en構成過去分詞。
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| speak | spoke | spoken | 說話 |
| break | broke | broken | 破碎 |
| choose | chose | chosen | 選擇 |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘記 |
| freeze | froze | frozen | 凝固 |
③ 把單詞在重讀音節中的元音字母“i”變成“a”(過去式)和“u”(過去分詞)。
| 動詞原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 | 意思 |
| begin | began | begun | 開始 |
| ring | rang | rung | 按鈴 |
| sing | sang | sung | 唱 |
| sink | sank | sunk | 沉 |
| swim | swam | swum | 游泳 |
| drink | drank | drunk | 喝 |
| 序號 | 不定式 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 |
| 1 | abide | abode, abided | abode, abided |
| 2 | arise | arose | arisen |
| 3 | awake | awoke | awaked, awoken |
| 4 | be | was | been |
| 5 | bear | bore | borne, born |
| 6 | beat | beat | beaten |
| 7 | become | became | become |
| 8 | befall | befell | befallen |
| 9 | beget | begot | begotten |
| 10 | begin | began | begun |
| 11 | behold | beheld | beheld |
| 12 | bend | bent | bent |
| 13 | bereave | bereaved, bereft | bereaved, bereft |
| 14 | beseech | besought | besought |
| 15 | beset | beset | beset |
| 16 | bet | bet, betted | bet, betted |
| 17 | betake | betook | betaken |
| 18 | bethink | bethought | bethought |
| 19 | bid | bade, bid | bidden, bid |
| 20 | bind | bound | bound |
| 21 | bite | bit | bitten, bit |
| 22 | bleed | bled | bled |
| 23 | blend | blended, blent | blended, blent |
| 24 | bless | blessed, blest | blessed, blest |
| 25 | blow | blew | blown |
| 26 | break | broke | broken |
| 27 | breed | bred | bred |
| 28 | bring | brought | brought |
| 29 | broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted |
| 30 | build | built | built |
| 31 | burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned |
| 32 | burst | burst | burst |
| 33 | buy | bought | bought |
| 34 | cast | cast | cast |
| 35 | catch | caught | caught |
| 36 | chide | chided, chid | chided, chidden |
| 37 | choose | chose | chosen |
| 38 | cleave | clove, cleft | cloven, cleft |
| 39 | cling | clung | clung |
| 40 | clothe | clothed, clad | clothed, clad |
| 41 | come | came | come |
| 42 | cost | cost | cost |
| 43 | creep | crept | crept |
| 44 | crow | crowed, crew | crowed |
| 45 | cut | cut | cut |
| 46 | dare | dared, durst | dared |
| 47 | dea | dealt | dealt |
| 48 | dig | dug | dug |
| 49 | dive | dived; (US) dove | dived |
| 50 | do | did | done |
| 51 | draw | drew | drawn |
| 52 | dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt, dreamed |
| 53 | drink | drank | drunk |
| 54 | drive | drove | driven |
| 55 | dwell | dwelt | dwelt |
| 56 | eat | ate | eaten |
| 57 | fall | fell | fallen |
| 58 | feed | fed | fed |
| 59 | feel | felt | felt |
| 60 | fight | fought | fought |
| 61 | find | found | found |
| 62 | flee | fled | fled |
| 63 | fling | flung | flung |
| 64 | fly | flew | flown |
| 65 | forbear | forbore | forborne |
| 66 | forbid | forbade, forbad | forbidden |
| 67 | forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
| 68 | foreknow | foreknew | foreknown |
| 69 | foresee | foresew | foreseen |
| 70 | foretell | foretold | foretold |
| 71 | forget | forgot | forgotten |
| 72 | forgive | forgave | forgiven |
| 73 | forsake | forsook | forsaken |
| 74 | forswear | forswore | forsworn |
| 75 | freeze | froze | frozen |
| 76 | gainsay | gainsaid | gainsaid |
| 77 | get | got | got; (US) gotten |
| 78 | gild | gilded, gilt | gilded |
| 79 | gird | girded, girt | girded, girt |
| 80 | give | gave | given |
| 81 | go | went | gone |
| 82 | grave | graved | graven, graved |
| 83 | grind | ground | ground |
| 84 | grow | grew | grown |
| 85 | hamstring | hamstringed, hamstrung | hamstringed , hamstrung |
| 86 | hang | hung, hanged | hung, hanged |
| 87 | have | had | had |
| 88 | hear | heard | heard |
| 89 | heave | heaved, hove | hesved, hove |
| 90 | hew | hewed | hewed, hewn |
| 91 | hide | hid | hidden |
| 92 | hit | hit | hit |
| 93 | held | held | held |
| 94 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
| 95 | inlay | inlaid | inlaid |
| 96 | keep | kept | kept |
| 97 | kneel | knelt | knelt |
| 98 | knit | knitted, knit | knitted, knit |
| 99 | know | knew | known |
| 100 | lade | laded | laden |
| 101 | lay | laid | laid |
| 102 | load | led | led |
| 103 | lean | lesnt, leaned | lesnt, leaned |
| 104 | leap | leapt, leaped | leapt, leaped |
| 105 | learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned |
| 106 | leave | left | left |
| 107 | lend | lent | lent |
| 108 | let | let | let |
| 109 | lie | lay | lain |
| 110 | light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted |
| 111 | lose | lost | lost |
| 112 | make | made | made |
| 113 | mean | meant | meant |
| 114 | meet | met | met |
| 115 | melt | melted | melted, molten |
| 116 | miscast | miscast | miscast |
| 117 | misdeal | misdealt | misdealt |
| 118 | misgive | misgave | misgiven |
| 119 | mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
| 120 | mislead | misled | misled |
| 121 | misspell | misspelt | misspelt |
| 122 | misspend | misspent | misspent |
| 123 | mistake | mistook | mistaken |
| 124 | misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
| 125 | mow | mowed | mown; (US) mowed |
| 126 | outbid | outbid | outbid |
| 127 | outdo | outdid | outdone |
| 128 | outgo | outwent | outgone |
| 129 | outgrow | outgrew | outgrown |
| 130 | outride | outrode | outridden |
| 131 | outrun | outran | outrun |
| 132 | outshine | outshone | outshone |
| 133 | overbear | overbore | overborne |
| 134 | overcast | overcast | overcast |
| 135 | overcome | overcame | overcome |
| 136 | overdo | overdid | overdone |
| 137 | overhang | overhung | overhung |
| 138 | overhear | overheard | overheard |
| 139 | overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
| 140 | overleap | overleapt, overleaped | overleapt, overleaped |
| 141 | overlie | overlay | overlain |
| 142 | override | overrode | overridden |
| 143 | overrun | overran | overun |
| 144 | oversee | oversaw | overseen |
| 145 | overshoot | overshot | overshot |
| 146 | oversleep | overslept | overslept |
| 147 | overtake | overtook | overtaken |
| 148 | overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
| 149 | partake | partook | partaken |
| 150 | pay | paid | paid |
| 151 | prove | proved | proved, proven |
| 152 | put | put | put |
| 153 | quit | quitted, quit | quitted, quit |
| 154 | read | read [red] | read [red] |
| 155 | rebind | rebound | rebound |
| 156 | rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt |
| 157 | recast | recast | recast |
| 158 | redo | redid | redone |
| 159 | relay | relaid | relaid |
| 160 | remake | remade | remade |
| 161 | rend | rent | rent |
| 162 | repay | repaid | repaid |
| 163 | rerun | reran | rerun |
| 164 | reset | reset | reset |
| 165 | retell | retold | retold |
| 166 | rewrite | rewrote | rewritten |
| 167 | rid | red, redded | rid, ridded |
| 168 | ride | rode | ridden |
| 169 | ring | rang | rung |
| 170 | rise | rose | risen |
| 171 | rive | rived | riven, rived |
| 172 | run | ran | run |
| 173 | saw | sawed | sawn, sawed |
| 174 | say | said | said |
| 175 | see | saw | seen |
| 176 | seek | sought | sought |
| 177 | sell | sold | sold |
| 178 | send | sent | sent |
| 179 | set | set | set |
| 180 | sew | sewed | sewn, sewed |
| 181 | shake | shook | shaken |
| 182 | shave | shaved | shaved, shaven |
| 183 | shear | sheared | sheared, shorn |
| 184 | shed | shed | shed |
| 185 | shine | shone | shone |
| 186 | shoe | shod | shod |
| 187 | shoot | shot | shot |
| 188 | show | showed | shown, showed |
| 189 | shrink | shrank, shrunk | shrunk, shrunken |
| 190 | shrive | shrove, shrived | shriven, shrived |
| 191 | shut | shut | shut |
| 192 | sing | sang, sung | sung |
| 193 | sink | sank, sunk | sunk; sunken |
| 194 | sit | sat | sat |
| 195 | slay | slew | slain |
| 196 | sleep | slept | slept |
| 197 | slide | slid | slid |
| 198 | sling | slung | slung |
| 199 | slink | slunk | slunk |
| 200 | slit | slit | slit |
| 201 | smell | smelt; smelled | smelt; smelled |
| 202 | smite | smote | smitten |
| 203 | sow | sowed | sown, sowed |
| 204 | speak | spoke | spoken |
| 205 | speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded |
| 206 | spell | spelt, spelled | spelt, spelled |
| 207 | spend | spent | spent |
| 208 | spill | spilt, spilled | spilt, spilled |
| 209 | spin | spun, span | spun |
| 210 | spit | spat, spit | spat, spit |
| 211 | spoil | spoilt, spoiled | spoilt, spoiled |
| 212 | spread | spread | spread |
| 213 | spring | sprang, sprung | sprung |
| 214 | stand | stood | stood |
| 215 | stave | staved, stove | staved, stove |
| 216 | steal | stole | stolen |
| 217 | stick | stuck | stuck |
| 218 | sting | stung | stung |
| 219 | stink | stank, stunk | stunk |
| 220 | strew | strewed | strewn, strewed |
| 221 | stride | strode | stridden, strid |
| 222 | strike | struck | struck, stricken |
| 223 | string | strung | strung |
| 224 | strive | strove | striven |
| 225 | swear | swore | sworn |
| 226 | sweep | swept | swept |
| 227 | swell | swelled | swollen, swelled |
| 228 | swim | swam | swum |
| 229 | swing | swung | swung |
| 230 | take | took | taken |
| 231 | teach | taught | taught |
| 232 | tear | tore | torn |
| 233 | tell | told | told |
| 234 | think | thought | thought |
| 235 | thrive | throve, thrived | thriven, thrived |
| 236 | throw | threw | thrown |
| 237 | thrust | thrust | thrust |
| 238 | tread | trod | trodden, trod |
| 239 | unbend | unbent | unbent |
| 240 | unbind | unbound | unbound |
| 241 | underbid | underbid | underbid, underbidden |
| 242 | undergo | underwent | undergone |
| 243 | understand | understood | understood |
| 244 | undertake | undertook | undertaken |
| 245 | undo | undid | undone |
| 246 | upset | upset | upset |
| 247 | wake | woke, waked | woken, waked |
| 248 | waylay | waylaid | waylaid |
| 249 | wear | wore | worn |
| 250 | weave | wove | woven |
| 251 | weep | wept | wept |
| 252 | win | won | won |
| 253 | wind | wound | wound |
| 254 | withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
| 255 | withhold | withheld | withheld |
| 256 | withstand | withstood | withstood |
| 257 | work | worked, wrought | worked, wrought |
| 258 | wring | wrung | wrung |
| 259 | write | wrote | written |

