Vatican City

Vatican City

State of Vatican City (Latin: Status; Italian: Stato della Postale del), hereinafter referred to as the Vatican is a sovereign, independent, since there were only with neighbours Italy, called the country China.Is also the center of the catholic world - to the location of the vatican, led by the pope, is the world one - sixth of the population center of faith.Vatican City is located in italy capital rome on the northwest corner of Highlands of inland city - states, in short, Vatican City, Vatican City is the capital, i.e. the country, saying the city - state.Vatican territory but also the world's smallest, least populous of the country.Formerly of the Papal State, in 1929 to the Lateran Treaty was identified as a sovereign State, the Holy See accepted direct rule of the theocratic political system of the embodiment.Until 2002, the Vatican and the Italian lira Chang to Vatican lira as its part of the common currency.Italy adopted the euro, the Vatican and the EU signed a special agreement, the issuance of a small amount of the casting of coins belonging to the Vatican, as circulation and collection.Although the Vatican are geographically a small country, but due to the Catholic faith in the global population, so that the expression of the political and cultural sectors, including the United States, China, Russia as an important influence.

Historical Evolution

on the west bank of the Tiber to the Vatican in Rome, retain much of the ancient Romans and architectural ruins life on the west bank of the Tiber to the Vatican in Rome, retain much of the ancient Romans and architectural ruins life . 4 from the beginning of the century, the use of Western Roman Empire, the bishop of Rome will seize the opportunity to plunder the land 4 from the beginning of the century, the use of Western Roman Empire, the bishop of Rome will seize the opportunity to plunder the land .
6 century Rome to obtain the actual sovereignty, billed as" Pope ", as well as the construction of St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican Palace, built in the 8th century Carolingian Frankish kingdom Palace State (Shorty) return for papal assistance themselves and seize the throne, in 754 and 756 for the end of the year in Italy, who defeated the Lombards, and 756 in Rome and around the region presented the Pope with State (Shorty) return for papal assistance themselves and seize the throne, in 754 and 756 for the end of the year in Italy, who defeated the Lombards, and 756 in Rome and around the region presented the Pope with .
which were known as the" Pepin donated soil " which were known as the" Pepin donated soil ". powerful powerful .
afterwards pope increasingly expansion in central Italy appear to have been the pope as their sovereign, with Rome as the capital of the "Papal States", the territory of the municipality reached 40,000 square kilometres above afterwards pope increasingly expansion in central Italy appear to have been the pope as their sovereign, with Rome as the capital of the "Papal States", the territory of the municipality reached 40,000 square kilometres above . 1377 - Vatican Palace became the main residence of the Pope 1377 - Vatican Palace became the main residence of the Pope .
15 century built the Sistine Chapel and the Vatican Library, Vatican wall, 16 ~ 17 ~ (th) century reconstruction of the basilica is the Italian Renaissance and the largest size of building 15 century built the Sistine Chapel and the Vatican Library, Vatican wall, 16 ~ 17 ~ (th) century reconstruction of the basilica is the Italian Renaissance and the largest size of building . Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and other Renaissance Italy - - all of whom participated in the building design, construction, decorative work,Vatican amassed a large collection of ancient Greece and Rome, Renaissance and even precious artworks and books at Vatican Pope Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and other Renaissance Italy - - all of whom participated in the building design, construction, decorative work,Vatican amassed a large collection of ancient Greece and Rome, Renaissance and even precious artworks and books at Vatican Pope .
became the political and religious activities of the Centre became the political and religious activities of the Centre . In the middle of the 19th century, Italy gradually unified, in 1861 established Kingdom of Italy, the papal territories threatened the existence of In the middle of the 19th century, Italy gradually unified, in 1861 established Kingdom of Italy, the papal territories threatened the existence of .
modern scientific and cultural development and socialist thought with the campaign of the Roman Catholic Church encountered unprecedented crisis because modern scientific and cultural development and socialist thought with the campaign of the Roman Catholic Church encountered unprecedented crisis because . is the strengthening of the papacy, Pius IX (1846 - 1878) who in 1869 to December held its first meeting the Vatican's religious guild,There are over 1,700 in Europe and other parts of the Bishop and senior religious personages is the strengthening of the papacy, Pius IX (1846 - 1878) who in 1869 to December held its first meeting the Vatican's religious guild,There are over 1,700 in Europe and other parts of the Bishop and senior religious personages .
which was discussed at the conference argued, in 1870 by the "doctrinal", against "modern rationalist commits the fallacy", adhere to the traditional doctrine of the Catholic dogma, "the pope infallible" dogma, argued for Papal powers of God, is higher than the religious meetings, the creation of universal while the highest ecclesiastical jurisdiction which was discussed at the conference argued, in 1870 by the "doctrinal", against "modern rationalist commits the fallacy", adhere to the traditional doctrine of the Catholic dogma, "the pope infallible" dogma, argued for Papal powers of God, is higher than the religious meetings, the creation of universal while the highest ecclesiastical jurisdiction . meetings take place, the Kingdom of Italy in 1870 Rome took over 9 months, 10 months to religious guild meetings take place, the Kingdom of Italy in 1870 Rome took over 9 months, 10 months to religious guild .
the adjournment of the 1870 Franco - Prussian war, Napoleon III's forces in the Roman army pulling back,so that the army of the Kingdom of Italy successfully entered the city of Rome, Italy's unification official completion, while the Pope of Rome and was forced to retire in the northwest corner of the Vatican Palace; after successive popes were hostile to the new Kingdom of Italy, and even forbade Christians to be the kingdom of Italy in the same year Pope regained office the adjournment of the 1870 Franco - Prussian war, Napoleon III's forces in the Roman army pulling back,so that the army of the Kingdom of Italy successfully entered the city of Rome, Italy's unification official completion, while the Pope of Rome and was forced to retire in the northwest corner of the Vatican Palace; after successive popes were hostile to the new Kingdom of Italy, and even forbade Christians to be the kingdom of Italy in the same year Pope regained office . Italy occupied elsewhere, the complete reunification of the country, the end of the Papal States, the pope's secular disenfranchised, and forced to relegate the Vatican intrauterine Italy occupied elsewhere, the complete reunification of the country, the end of the Papal States, the pope's secular disenfranchised, and forced to relegate the Vatican intrauterine .
1871 declared by decree of the Government of Italy, the Pope, the inviolability of the person, entitled to diplomatic privileges, allowing foreign travel freely,and give him an annuity but was rejected by Pope 1871 declared by decree of the Government of Italy, the Pope, the inviolability of the person, entitled to diplomatic privileges, allowing foreign travel freely,and give him an annuity but was rejected by Pope . .
19th - century French Second Empire of Emperor Napoleon III to advertising in "protector of the church in the name of protecting Rome 19th - century French Second Empire of Emperor Napoleon III to advertising in "protector of the church in the name of protecting Rome . February 11, 1929, Mussolini, the Italian government and Pope Pius XI signed the Lateran Treaty, Italy recognized the Vatican as a sovereign nation, the sovereignty of the pope February 11, 1929, Mussolini, the Italian government and Pope Pius XI signed the Lateran Treaty, Italy recognized the Vatican as a sovereign nation, the sovereignty of the pope .
provisions from July the same year became an independent city - state's name full name provisions from July the same year became an independent city - state's name full name . .
Just call the Vatican City State Vatican as a permanently neutral State, its territory is sacred and inviolable Just call the Vatican City State Vatican as a permanently neutral State, its territory is sacred and inviolable . this treaty formally resolved the Holy See and Italy between the years of disputes this treaty formally resolved the Holy See and Italy between the years of disputes .
during the Second World War,the Vatican is in accordance with the Lateran Agreement ", to remain neutral, as was Pope Pius XII during the Second World War,the Vatican is in accordance with the Lateran Agreement ", to remain neutral, as was Pope Pius XII . Kingdom of Italy on the unification of Italy during the war and the confiscation of church property was carried out with the final compensation Kingdom of Italy on the unification of Italy during the war and the confiscation of church property was carried out with the final compensation .
jurisprudential said, lasted 11 centuries of the Papal States in 1929 on Feb. 11, the day officially extinct, replaced by of the Vatican City State Vatican City State has its own currency, postal, telecommunications and civil institutions, is the ruler of the theocratic regime of of the Vatican City State Vatican City State has its own currency, postal, telecommunications and civil institutions, is the ruler of the theocratic regime of .
after the Second World War, the church is to overcome the crisis,Pope John XXIII (1958 - 1963) who in 1962 was convened in October 2nd Vatican religious guild after the Second World War, the church is to overcome the crisis,Pope John XXIII (1958 - 1963) who in 1962 was convened in October 2nd Vatican religious guild . There are more than 100 countries and territories with more than 2,000 senior religious personages, and invited experts and representatives of other religions to attend the meetings of the General Assembly through the There are more than 100 countries and territories with more than 2,000 senior religious personages, and invited experts and representatives of other religions to attend the meetings of the General Assembly through the .
4 times 3 times during or after the meeting by Pope Paul VI (1963 - 1978) auspices) in December 1965, the Society was approved by the intersessional 4 times 3 times during or after the meeting by Pope Paul VI (1963 - 1978) auspices) in December 1965, the Society was approved by the intersessional . 16 files, emphasize the church's main role in the spiritual thing.
Church is defined as" people of God ", advocates concerned about modern politics, economy, culture, social issues, to the Protestant religion,Eastern Orthodox Church and other religions adopting a conciliatory attitude, emphasizing freedom of religion and education - minded Church is defined as" people of God ", advocates concerned about modern politics, economy, culture, social issues, to the Protestant religion,Eastern Orthodox Church and other religions adopting a conciliatory attitude, emphasizing freedom of religion and education - minded . on major Catholic doctrines and canons still re - confirmation, but began to gradually modify the canon, has relaxed some prohibitions and commandments on major Catholic doctrines and canons still re - confirmation, but began to gradually modify the canon, has relaxed some prohibitions and commandments .
1983 published the revised 1983 published the revised . of the canons of the Church on 1 January 2009, the Holy See declared that "Italy of the law is too complex, and unsteady, and often contrary to Catholic doctrine", officially declared that he would no longer automatically adopt Italian laws passed by the of the canons of the Church on 1 January 2009, the Holy See declared that "Italy of the law is too complex, and unsteady, and often contrary to Catholic doctrine", officially declared that he would no longer automatically adopt Italian laws passed by the .
Vatican City

Geographical Environment

Horizon Location

Vatican in Europe, geographical coordinates (latitude 41 54 '10 ", 12' east longitude and 27 11" Vatican in Europe, geographical coordinates (latitude 41 54 '10 ", 12' east longitude and 27 11" .) covering an area of 44 square kilometers, is the world's smallest country ) covering an area of 44 square kilometers, is the world's smallest country .
located northwest of the Italian capital Rome, Vatican high ground located northwest of the Italian capital Rome, Vatican high ground . territory includes St. Peter's Basilica, the Apostolic Palace, the papal summer retreat of Castel Gandolfo ()
and the Vatican Museum. Land was roughly triangular, with the exception of the southeast of the county seat of St Peter's, the three sides are surrounded by walls It is located on the right bank of the Tiber River to the surrounding walls for borders, in addition, there is a "secret passage" from the famous Sant 'Angelo toward Vatican City It is located on the right bank of the Tiber River to the surrounding walls for borders, in addition, there is a "secret passage" from the famous Sant 'Angelo toward Vatican City .

Climate

Vatican belongs to subtropical mediterranean climate with annual rainfall generally ranges from 500 mm to 1000 mm on average between Vatican belongs to subtropical mediterranean climate with annual rainfall generally ranges from 500 mm to 1000 mm on average between . 1. 7 c, 7 c for 24 months

Population

mainly Italians, because the Italian city - cum - mainly Italians, because the Italian city - cum - . Vatican citizens made up the bulk of the clergy, including bishops, priests, nuns, and the well - known Swiss Guards (a voluntary service dedicated to the popes of the Praetorians) Vatican citizens made up the bulk of the clergy, including bishops, priests, nuns, and the well - known Swiss Guards (a voluntary service dedicated to the popes of the Praetorians) .
along with approximately 3,000 secular workers, they are the main source of labour for the Vatican, but don't even live in the Vatican City along with approximately 3,000 secular workers, they are the main source of labour for the Vatican, but don't even live in the Vatican City . 2011 Vatican's latest population statistics show that the country has only 32 female citizens, 540 male citizens 2011 Vatican's latest population statistics show that the country has only 32 female citizens, 540 male citizens .
572 people in the Vatican there are 306 diplomats, 86 Swiss guards he is a member of the Swiss guards),in addition to the 73 cardinals, 31 civilians and a nun at all 572 people in the Vatican there are 306 diplomats, 86 Swiss guards he is a member of the Swiss guards),in addition to the 73 cardinals, 31 civilians and a nun at all . 572 Vatican citizens holding passports of the People's Republic of China, the only person who really lived 223 in addition to the 572 Vatican citizens holding passports of the People's Republic of China, the only person who really lived 223 in addition to the .
Vatican citizens outside the Vatican are 221 inhabitants, most of them are missionaries, clergy or in accordance with the provisions of the new Vatican citizens outside the Vatican are 221 inhabitants, most of them are missionaries, clergy or in accordance with the provisions of the new . nuns, the Vatican has as much to non - citizens and non - residents is limited, and heretofore, only special permits are allowed entry to nuns, the Vatican has as much to non - citizens and non - residents is limited, and heretofore, only special permits are allowed entry to .

National Symbol

Serendip

Vatican City State (English: the Vatican City State; Italian: Stato della Postale del; Latin: Status) Vatican City State (English: the Vatican City State; Italian: Stato della Postale del; Latin: Status) . Vatican latin for "prophet" Vatican latin for "prophet" .

Flies The Flag Of The People's Republic Of China

Vatican flag by two is equal to the area of the vertical rectangle composed of the hoist side is yellow and the other side as Vatican flag by two is equal to the area of the vertical rectangle composed of the hoist side is yellow and the other side as . white white is also drawn on the pope's coat - of -: two crossed keys of Saint Peter and Pope white white is also drawn on the pope's coat - of -: two crossed keys of Saint Peter and Pope .
of a triple crown of white and yellow color is Jesus' twelve Apostles and Saint Peter the keys of the colors, represent the two most precious metals: gold and silver; from February 1808 to the Pontifical Swiss Guards of the Guards cap badge color of a triple crown of white and yellow color is Jesus' twelve Apostles and Saint Peter the keys of the colors, represent the two most precious metals: gold and silver; from February 1808 to the Pontifical Swiss Guards of the Guards cap badge color . 1825 when Pope Leo XII for This banner 1825 when Pope Leo XII for This banner .

National Emblem

Vatican emblem is the red line of Popes Paul VI and the royal emblem Vatican emblem is the red line of Popes Paul VI and the royal emblem . red reminiscent of the Catholic Church, as it had been the most eye - catching color red reminiscent of the Catholic Church, as it had been the most eye - catching color .
Giovanni Baptista Mo Pertini was elected pope in 1963, Pope Paul VI and John Paul Giovanni Baptista Mo Pertini was elected pope in 1963, Pope Paul VI and John Paul . Paul VI The Pope in the insignia of a pontiff, including a triple crown and crossed the golden and silver key Paul VI The Pope in the insignia of a pontiff, including a triple crown and crossed the golden and silver key .
the pope's triple crown is a crown and a crown of the secular bishop combine to create the the pope's triple crown is a crown and a crown of the secular bishop combine to create the . Rome Pope claims to be Christ's representative of the world, the Pope is the head of the Vatican, the pope's triple crown represents the highest of the three powers: legislative power, judicial power, Rome Pope claims to be Christ's representative of the world, the Pope is the head of the Vatican, the pope's triple crown represents the highest of the three powers: legislative power, judicial power,.
executive power and that's one of the two gold - and silver - white keys, is the Christ to Saint Peter, the Make - A - heaven and the earth, and all the powers delegated to him at the same time executive power and that's one of the two gold - and silver - white keys, is the Christ to Saint Peter, the Make - A - heaven and the earth, and all the powers delegated to him at the same time . is also enclosed in the Gospel of Matthew: "I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven is also enclosed in the Gospel of Matthew: "I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven .
"".
Vatican City

National Anthem Of The People's Republic Of China

The Pope's March "song: jubilation of Rome, noble of Rome, you are Peter, the Holy See, he was a member of the blood Sa Bo Rome, Peter was awarded the keys of the kingdom, the pope is Peter's successor, Pope, Kennedy Zhenzhong is to remain faithful to their mentor, the pope is God's servants: servants of the person to be a fisherman, and shepherd of the flock, connecting Heaven and Earth, the Pope, is a christ's representative in delivering a safe haven, in the darkness of the lighthouse, keeper of the peace, a role of guardian of the public, free of Rye, The Pope's March "song: jubilation of Rome, noble of Rome, you are Peter, the Holy See, he was a member of the blood Sa Bo Rome, Peter was awarded the keys of the kingdom, the pope is Peter's successor, Pope, Kennedy Zhenzhong is to remain faithful to their mentor, the pope is God's servants: servants of the person to be a fisherman, and shepherd of the flock, connecting Heaven and Earth, the Pope, is a christ's representative in delivering a safe haven, in the darkness of the lighthouse, keeper of the peace, a role of guardian of the public, free of Rye, . you full authority of the Pope, you are the stands of the rock, and on this rock is established of the church of God Pope you full authority of the Pope, you are the stands of the rock, and on this rock is established of the church of God Pope .
,Christ is alive, which is a prevailing wind and waves in a storm, a lighthouse in the darkness, a peace - keeper, a role of defenders of the free people of Catcher, full of authority, the jubilation of Rome, noble of Rome ,Christ is alive, which is a prevailing wind and waves in a storm, a lighthouse in the darkness, a peace - keeper, a role of defenders of the free people of Catcher, full of authority, the jubilation of Rome, noble of Rome .

Political

Polity

the Vatican is a country run as religious leaders, heads of state of Vatican Pope (i.e. the Pope), by the age of 80 following cardinals in the Sistine Chapel, which took place on the election of the pope's election for a term of up to life in the pope's office is because of the tenure system, the new pope's election in the former pope dies or resigns after carefully held because of the tenure system, the new pope's election in the former pope dies or resigns after carefully held .

Government

Pope of the consultancy is the College of Cardinals, bishops, priests and deacons stage composed of Cardinal Secretary of State with the Holy See under Pope Pope of the consultancy is the College of Cardinals, bishops, priests and deacons stage composed of Cardinal Secretary of State with the Holy See under Pope . and there are 10 holy portion, each portion of a religious holy is responsible for processing the specialized task of and there are 10 holy portion, each portion of a religious holy is responsible for processing the specialized task of .
is in addition to the Secretariat, Tribunal, dedicated to the Holy See office is in addition to the Secretariat, Tribunal, dedicated to the Holy See office . Notwithstanding national patterns, but its presence is established on the basis of the worldwide Seventh - day Adventist faith and on the basis of its political system was different from the general national Notwithstanding national patterns, but its presence is established on the basis of the worldwide Seventh - day Adventist faith and on the basis of its political system was different from the general national .
its central organization including: Council of the People's Republic of China: the Holy See of the Chapter's administration, and the pope is in charge of affairs of a privy, and headed by the Cardinal Secretary of State its central organization including: Council of the People's Republic of China: the Holy See of the Chapter's administration, and the pope is in charge of affairs of a privy, and headed by the Cardinal Secretary of State . current secretary of state, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone for the Italian current secretary of state, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone for the Italian .
under the State Council:General Section (palm) of the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (diplomatic) Palm, and nine (bestowed by St. portion): the, the Eastern Orthodox churches, the liturgy and sacraments, the canonization of saints, bishops, Evangelization, unit, unit, unit and of the Ministry of Education of the Congregation of the Religious Courts ( Tribunals): the holy court, the Supreme Court and the Court of St. wheel
eleven Pontifical (Pontifical Commission): Commission of the laity, for Promoting Christian Unity, the Committee on the Family, Justice and Peace Commission, the Commission,Immigration and Tourism Council, a medical at the Pastoral Commission, the Commission explained the provisions of the Code, a religious committee to negotiate a trade, the Ministry of Culture and Media Committee (Committee of each above organization by the heads of many cardinals who serve for a term of five years) eleven Pontifical (Pontifical Commission): Commission of the laity, for Promoting Christian Unity, the Committee on the Family, Justice and Peace Commission, the Commission,Immigration and Tourism Council, a medical at the Pastoral Commission, the Commission explained the provisions of the Code, a religious committee to negotiate a trade, the Ministry of Culture and Media Committee (Committee of each above organization by the heads of many cardinals who serve for a term of five years) . Organ: Pontifical Army, the property of the Authority of the Holy See, the Holy See Economic Affairs, House of the Holy See, the pope and presides at a liturgical respectively specific affairs of the Commission Organ: Pontifical Army, the property of the Authority of the Holy See, the Holy See Economic Affairs, House of the Holy See, the pope and presides at a liturgical respectively specific affairs of the Commission .
In addition, the pope is the governance of the Vatican City State, there is an entrance of the Vatican City State Management Committee,(the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City, In addition, the pope is the governance of the Vatican City State, there is an entrance of the Vatican City State Management Committee,(the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City, . San as the pope's seat and the consultants to the subordinates of the worldwide Catholic Church issued when the instruction to use the official name of the Catholic Church as a San as the pope's seat and the consultants to the subordinates of the worldwide Catholic Church issued when the instruction to use the official name of the Catholic Church as a .
global "central government", the Holy See enjoys the same status as sovereign States, sovereign States may be the identity of the international treaties signed or acceded to the international organization authorized Pope global "central government", the Holy See enjoys the same status as sovereign States, sovereign States may be the identity of the international treaties signed or acceded to the international organization authorized Pope . Bishop's Commission for the Vatican to - day affairs of the Bishop's Commission for the Vatican to - day affairs of the .
Vatican legal system is based on the church's canon, when Catholic canon law is not applicable,the use of the Holy See of Rome law Vatican legal system is based on the church's canon, when Catholic canon law is not applicable,the use of the Holy See of Rome law . sovereign states may be the identity of the other sovereign states sent an envoy to the Holy See (such as an envoy, ambassador to the Holy See and the like), may also be accepted by other countries sent envoys from sovereign states may be the identity of the other sovereign states sent an envoy to the Holy See (such as an envoy, ambassador to the Holy See and the like), may also be accepted by other countries sent envoys from .
but because states are too small, the other was sent to the Vatican's diplomatic corps in Rome and is typically set to but because states are too small, the other was sent to the Vatican's diplomatic corps in Rome and is typically set to . embassy. That leads to an interesting result is that Italy is the embassy of the Holy See, Italy and the United States in the territory of the

Dignitaries

Pope Francis (Francisco Chinese name, Latin: I, Italian: Francesco, Spanish: Francisco, English: Francis I, 17 December 1936 -), the Argentine people is Pope Francis (Francisco Chinese name, Latin: I, Italian: Francesco, Spanish: Francisco, English: Francis I, 17 December 1936 -), the Argentine people is . 266 Ren Catholic Pope, the head of State of the Vatican's real name is Jorge Mario 266 Ren Catholic Pope, the head of State of the Vatican's real name is Jorge Mario .
Belle Belle . Leo high 13 March 2013, was elected as Catholic Pope, and in the same year, on 19 March the Heads of State of the Vatican for the Pope to reign Leo high 13 March 2013, was elected as Catholic Pope, and in the same year, on 19 March the Heads of State of the Vatican for the Pope to reign .
, to remain in office after the election, not oust , to remain in office after the election, not oust .

Military

the Vatican Swiss Guard and the National Defence Forces is divided by a Vatican gendarme, the Swiss Guard regiment, numbering approximately 110 people, responsible for the protection of the Pope, dignitaries and all papal buildings the Vatican Swiss Guard and the National Defence Forces is divided by a Vatican gendarme, the Swiss Guard regiment, numbering approximately 110 people, responsible for the protection of the Pope, dignitaries and all papal buildings . Vatican Gendarmerie, numbering approximately 130 people, the Vatican is responsible for public order, border control, traffic control, criminal investigations and general police work Vatican Gendarmerie, numbering approximately 130 people, the Vatican is responsible for public order, border control, traffic control, criminal investigations and general police work .
Vatican City

Diplomatic

Foreign Policy

The holy with 179 countries and regions have formal diplomatic relations, the United Nations in the establishment of permanent observers The holy with 179 countries and regions have formal diplomatic relations, the United Nations in the establishment of permanent observers . basic foreign policy, is a religious, humanitarian, not political, nor is it defined in terms of trade and military basic foreign policy, is a religious, humanitarian, not political, nor is it defined in terms of trade and military .
Holy See Guangjian diplomatic relations with countries around the world, for the purpose of improving their international status and influence, to guarantee that the right to freedom of religion for Catholics in Holy See Guangjian diplomatic relations with countries around the world, for the purpose of improving their international status and influence, to guarantee that the right to freedom of religion for Catholics in ., also sung by its diplomatic approach has not any diplomatic ties with , also sung by its diplomatic approach has not any diplomatic ties with .

External Relations

Relations with China on 24 October 2001, Pope John Paul II issued a statement with the hope that clemency for Roman Catholicism in China committed "errors", and wanted to negotiate for the Holy See and Beijing normalized relations between the day Relations with China on 24 October 2001, Pope John Paul II issued a statement with the hope that clemency for Roman Catholicism in China committed "errors", and wanted to negotiate for the Holy See and Beijing normalized relations between the day ., in Beijing to commemorate the activities of the Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci, who read out a statement , in Beijing to commemorate the activities of the Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci, who read out a statement .
Pope said in the statement:" I am the last of these are profoundly saddened, I regret the offense a lot of people think that the Roman Catholic Church does not respect the Chinese people, they feel their Church of China and the attitude from Pope said in the statement:" I am the last of these are profoundly saddened, I regret the offense a lot of people think that the Roman Catholic Church does not respect the Chinese people, they feel their Church of China and the attitude from . "This is his second since March against China's foreign ministry spokesman sun yuxi "This is his second since March against China's foreign ministry spokesman sun yuxi .
apologized the next day while responding to the pope, who addressed the pope's apology was welcomed, it was also not on the pope's sainthood by event clearly explain the regret apologized the next day while responding to the pope, who addressed the pope's apology was welcomed, it was also not on the pope's sainthood by event clearly explain the regret . In addition, China and the Vatican established diplomatic statement of two principles remained immutable In addition, China and the Vatican established diplomatic statement of two principles remained immutable .
, Le Figaro, China and the Vatican over the past year in the Chinese Embassy in Rome actually up to twenty times as many contact , Le Figaro, China and the Vatican over the past year in the Chinese Embassy in Rome actually up to twenty times as many contact . on the health of John Paul II, the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in her life, great desire, but so far in this respect progress. "It's tough to
since the new millennium,Restoration of the Vatican for a 50 year - old normal AC, but occurs on 1 October 2000 (SAINT TERESA OF LISIEUX birthday) "canonization" event to the further development of the relationship a shadow, and thus also the parlous state of since the new millennium,Restoration of the Vatican for a 50 year - old normal AC, but occurs on 1 October 2000 (SAINT TERESA OF LISIEUX birthday) "canonization" event to the further development of the relationship a shadow, and thus also the parlous state of . "The Canonization" in the event, John Paul II declared 120 bits in China whose names are "saints", including 87 23 Chinese and expatriate missionaries "The Canonization" in the event, John Paul II declared 120 bits in China whose names are "saints", including 87 23 Chinese and expatriate missionaries .
Paul II although subsequently agreed not to fight the Chinese government and openly discuss issues from the colonial era, but has captured the Chinese people for the colonial history of pain memories Paul II although subsequently agreed not to fight the Chinese government and openly discuss issues from the colonial era, but has captured the Chinese people for the colonial history of pain memories .,On 7 January 2001 and Aug. 4, each of the bishop of the diocese in order to solve the old problems, China's three incumbent bishops - Bishop Fu Tieshang, leader of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in eight young priest, has gathered for papal interference
this series of events that shed light on the China - Vatican relations in insurmountable contradiction that this series of events that shed light on the China - Vatican relations in insurmountable contradiction that . in 1952 to sever diplomatic relations with China - Vatican relations, the ties to the main cause of dissonance in 1952 to sever diplomatic relations with China - Vatican relations, the ties to the main cause of dissonance .
ideology from the new government has expelled a batch of new Chinese anti - foreign missionaries, employing the three - self principle, and acknowledge the church itself was consecrated bishop of two native ideology from the new government has expelled a batch of new Chinese anti - foreign missionaries, employing the three - self principle, and acknowledge the church itself was consecrated bishop of two native . Vatican adamantly against it, the three - self, and that recognizes Taiwan,to obtain recognition of the fact that a bishop excommunicated by the Holy See and the Government of the People's Republic of China Vatican adamantly against it, the three - self, and that recognizes Taiwan,to obtain recognition of the fact that a bishop excommunicated by the Holy See and the Government of the People's Republic of China .
because religion is still a problem for the establishment of diplomatic relations, especially for the ordination of bishops of the problems associated with prominent because religion is still a problem for the establishment of diplomatic relations, especially for the ordination of bishops of the problems associated with prominent . controversy in November 2014, according to unnamed authority, in the Vatican that Bishop had reached a tacit agreement on the appointments, including the parish elected from the group consisting of one to two bishops, the Vatican informed through diplomatic channels, if the Chinese government and the Vatican on the report by the bishops, who happened to be the no - objection may be celebrating the sacraments, bishops in the Vatican of failure to agree on the parties' will have the unilateral actions of the appointment,He will not force a consecrated controversy in November 2014, according to unnamed authority, in the Vatican that Bishop had reached a tacit agreement on the appointments, including the parish elected from the group consisting of one to two bishops, the Vatican informed through diplomatic channels, if the Chinese government and the Vatican on the report by the bishops, who happened to be the no - objection may be celebrating the sacraments, bishops in the Vatican of failure to agree on the parties' will have the unilateral actions of the appointment,He will not force a consecrated .
think again in the Vatican and was certainly bishop appointments in the developed views think again in the Vatican and was certainly bishop appointments in the developed views . mechanisms, he noted that so far have prevented the diplomatic ties were established in the core of the difficulty, in the case of China, Catholicism's congress system in China, namely, the Catholic concept of independence principle, and the Bishops' Conference and is responsible to this institutional mechanisms, he noted that so far have prevented the diplomatic ties were established in the core of the difficulty, in the case of China, Catholicism's congress system in China, namely, the Catholic concept of independence principle, and the Bishops' Conference and is responsible to this institutional .
by 2010, the Vatican official contacts interrupt the negotiations with the Chinese system of conference of Catholic bishops think about by 2010, the Vatican official contacts interrupt the negotiations with the Chinese system of conference of Catholic bishops think about . he successfully signed the agreement, depending on in Beijing and the Vatican in the ordination of bishops of the core goals behind a he successfully signed the agreement, depending on in Beijing and the Vatican in the ordination of bishops of the core goals behind a .
2014 Aug. 14, according to the BBC, Reuters reportedPope Francis has arrived in South Korea, when he's special plane flying over Chinese airspace, Pope Francis' Papal according to etiquette, the Chinese leader Xi Jinping and the Chinese people sent a greeting telegram according to papal ceremonial, Pope to aircraft flying over the country's leaders to send a greeting according to papal ceremonial, Pope to aircraft flying over the country's leaders to send a greeting .
this ritual greeting messages rarely make the news, but this is different, because everyone wants to know Pope Francis in Chinese leaders' wishes in what they were. Pope Francis said in the message, enter the properties over the china, to Chinese President Xi Jinping and the Chinese people to send good wishes, to pray for peace ( Pope Francis said in the message, enter the properties over the china, to Chinese President Xi Jinping and the Chinese people to send good wishes, to pray for peace (.
reuters said,When former Pope John Paul II in 1989 during an official visit to South Korea, China has refused to let its charter flying over Chinese airspace while reuters said,When former Pope John Paul II in 1989 during an official visit to South Korea, China has refused to let its charter flying over Chinese airspace while . Pope Francis admitted to flying over Chinese airspace, a move seen as China - Vatican relations a step forward in Taiwan's relations with the Vatican in Taiwan is the only European in the so - called "diplomatic ties" with Pope Francis admitted to flying over Chinese airspace, a move seen as China - Vatican relations a step forward in Taiwan's relations with the Vatican in Taiwan is the only European in the so - called "diplomatic ties" with .
1971, that United nation assembly passed resolution 2758, substitute the people's republic of China as the sole legitimate representative of China, the Republic of China's ambassador to the Holy See recalled Ge Sn Andy Bishop, to appoint a minister's charge d 'affaires in Taiwan - Raphael Gamzou 1971, that United nation assembly passed resolution 2758, substitute the people's republic of China as the sole legitimate representative of China, the Republic of China's ambassador to the Holy See recalled Ge Sn Andy Bishop, to appoint a minister's charge d 'affaires in Taiwan - Raphael Gamzou . July 1985 was reconstituted to send counselors and members of the Fellowship of the station's charge d' affaires in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China so far,Counselor, implying that he only sent a charge d 'affaires of the grade of July 1985 was reconstituted to send counselors and members of the Fellowship of the station's charge d' affaires in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China so far,Counselor, implying that he only sent a charge d 'affaires of the grade of .
Joseph Wu, Taiwan's Holy See "Ambassador" Yu describes Wu Zu, Vatican - Taiwan relations between the sides like the spider, "which had been blown off the possible Joseph Wu, Taiwan's Holy See "Ambassador" Yu describes Wu Zu, Vatican - Taiwan relations between the sides like the spider, "which had been blown off the possible . from Pope John Paul II in the late 1980s were pushing east" policies", while Eastern Europe and the Holy See before the collapse of the Soviet Union, communism ebbed amid efforts to improve and communist countries of Eastern Europe and relations, it is possible to know, the Holy See in the missionary position, not only will not give up any opportunity, but also a certain dee of from Pope John Paul II in the late 1980s were pushing east" policies", while Eastern Europe and the Holy See before the collapse of the Soviet Union, communism ebbed amid efforts to improve and communist countries of Eastern Europe and relations, it is possible to know, the Holy See in the missionary position, not only will not give up any opportunity, but also a certain dee of .
policy based on religion, believers in populous China,Nature is the Holy See authorities strongly dealings of the Vatican's diplomatic goals policy based on religion, believers in populous China,Nature is the Holy See authorities strongly dealings of the Vatican's diplomatic goals . 's policy is not to maintain diplomatic ties with any state - recognized) 's policy is not to maintain diplomatic ties with any state - recognized) .
(however, the Papacy, for diplomatic recognition of Taiwan, Taiwan is identified as having been of the Government of the Republic of China on behalf of the Chinese mainland with (however, the Papacy, for diplomatic recognition of Taiwan, Taiwan is identified as having been of the Government of the Republic of China on behalf of the Chinese mainland with . once the government completed an agreement on establishing diplomatic relations and is ready for the Taiwanese Embassy Beijing move once the government completed an agreement on establishing diplomatic relations and is ready for the Taiwanese Embassy Beijing move .
, or, in other words, once the Holy See, in taiwan, it is just a lot of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China moved to Beijing from Taipei, the Holy See; not on China, recognizes the fastest , or, in other words, once the Holy See, in taiwan, it is just a lot of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China moved to Beijing from Taipei, the Holy See; not on China, recognizes the fastest . Vatican likely before the end of 2015 or 2016 after the elections.announced the establishment of diplomatic relations with mainland China
taiwan authorities responded, the message is not True, Taiwan and the Vatican, "Yi", and has close ties, bilateral relations are not subject to elections affect taiwan authorities responded, the message is not True, Taiwan and the Vatican, "Yi", and has close ties, bilateral relations are not subject to elections affect . U.S. relations with the United States and the Vatican for a long period of time is" have a relationship, no diplomacy "
America from 1776 to the founding of the People began in 2004, more than 200 years ago, with only 70 years of diplomatic relations America from 1776 to the founding of the People began in 2004, more than 200 years ago, with only 70 years of diplomatic relations . but even in the absence of diplomatic relations of the period, the United States and the Vatican are also the two countries there is a certain relationship, the media is American but even in the absence of diplomatic relations of the period, the United States and the Vatican are also the two countries there is a certain relationship, the media is American .
American Catholic and Vatican establish relationship between processes,Although in practice it is necessary to design a religious affairs and religious factors, and that the Vatican is deemed to be a normal country American Catholic and Vatican establish relationship between processes,Although in practice it is necessary to design a religious affairs and religious factors, and that the Vatican is deemed to be a normal country . in the national interests is the root cause of all diplomatic relations with the Vatican again in the national interests is the root cause of all diplomatic relations with the Vatican again .
American diplomatic relations before the so - called "holy alliance", the U.S. and the Vatican established diplomatic relations with the lubricant that is once again and again American Vatican establish diplomatic relations with the emerging 'nations' interests American Vatican establish diplomatic relations with the emerging 'nations' interests .
considerations of national interest, America has gone before does not recognise the Vatican is a country in favor of an alliance to considerations of national interest, America has gone before does not recognise the Vatican is a country in favor of an alliance to . this ideological nature of the alliance and its role is limited,For the alliance between the two countries rapidly approached they played an important role in the this ideological nature of the alliance and its role is limited,For the alliance between the two countries rapidly approached they played an important role in the .
the religious factor in international politics is typically recessive, in some exceptional circumstances become dominant, and plays an important role in the study with the religious factor in international politics is typically recessive, in some exceptional circumstances become dominant, and plays an important role in the study with . Vatican (Holy See), considered by religious factors, but the religious factor is not the only comprehensive research of how to level Vatican (Holy See), considered by religious factors, but the religious factor is not the only comprehensive research of how to level .
Vatican for International Relations, also due to its doctrine of the Catholic Church under the leadership of the affected countries is complicated by Vatican for International Relations, also due to its doctrine of the Catholic Church under the leadership of the affected countries is complicated by . America with the Vatican, in turn, hurts the U.S. Catholic in the domestic politics of the role of expression, and also to influence American foreign policy

Economic

Overview

Vatican is essentially located within Italy, "a state within a state" and all the other countries, this country does not have any fields, agricultural, industrial, mineral resources Vatican is essentially located within Italy, "a state within a state" and all the other countries, this country does not have any fields, agricultural, industrial, mineral resources . nationals of the production necessities, such as tap water, electricity, food, fuel, etc all gas supplied by the Italian nationals of the production necessities, such as tap water, electricity, food, fuel, etc all gas supplied by the Italian .
Vatican railway station was built by 862 meters long railway connecting the city of Rome Vatican railway station was built by 862 meters long railway connecting the city of Rome . where there is no agriculture, no army, only a few of the guard in charge of national security and defending the pope's work safety and participate in religious ceremonies but did not enter the barbershop where there is no agriculture, no army, only a few of the guard in charge of national security and defending the pope's work safety and participate in religious ceremonies but did not enter the barbershop .
.

Macroeconomic

Vatican no agriculture, no natural resource revenue mainly relies on tourism Vatican no agriculture, no natural resource revenue mainly relies on tourism ., stamps, the leased real estate, particularly the property of interest, the Vatican bank's earnings and to gifts for the purpose of paying a tribute to the pope and the Vatican , stamps, the leased real estate, particularly the property of interest, the Vatican bank's earnings and to gifts for the purpose of paying a tribute to the pope and the Vatican .
Hindus as well as on contributions received in North America, many European countries there are tens of billions of dollars of investment, its capital to infiltrate Italy's economic sectors, particularly real estate and bank credit system, the only real estate item amounted to 46 gold Hindus as well as on contributions received in North America, many European countries there are tens of billions of dollars of investment, its capital to infiltrate Italy's economic sectors, particularly real estate and bank credit system, the only real estate item amounted to 46 gold ., , .
reserves reached more than $10 billion in the mid - 1970s, the Vatican under the impact of the economic crisis in the West is also facing serious financial difficulties,especially since the bank investments and increase staff wages after years of deficit fiscal 1994 reserves reached more than $10 billion in the mid - 1970s, the Vatican under the impact of the economic crisis in the West is also facing serious financial difficulties,especially since the bank investments and increase staff wages after years of deficit fiscal 1994 . Vatican financial final surplus 41. 2 million dollars, of income 1. an expenditure of $1. 438.8 billion, in 2010, the Vatican's financial turnaround and $2. 45 millions of euros, the expenditure of hundreds of millions of euros in
35 35.

Currency

Vatican has its own currency from the currency of the Vatican Vatican has its own currency from the currency of the Vatican . of of .
universal religious Italian lira bank profits are about 2 / 5, the donation accounts for 2 / 5, the other 1 / 5 universal religious Italian lira bank profits are about 2 / 5, the donation accounts for 2 / 5, the other 1 / 5 . Vatican in North America and many European countries there are tens of billions of dollars of investment in its financial capital Vatican in North America and many European countries there are tens of billions of dollars of investment in its financial capital .
permeation - Italy's economic sectors, particularly real estate and bank credit system strong articles against the Italian supply life permeation - Italy's economic sectors, particularly real estate and bank credit system strong articles against the Italian supply life . .

Financial

In Italy, the Vatican and many countries billions of dollars of investment and vast real estate holdings, "finance is Caesarean" say In Italy, the Vatican and many countries billions of dollars of investment and vast real estate holdings, "finance is Caesarean" say . newspapers according to Western estimates, the Vatican in North America and Western Europe for the investment of billions of dollars, it's gold reserves exceed 100 and the outside of the US $ newspapers according to Western estimates, the Vatican in North America and Western Europe for the investment of billions of dollars, it's gold reserves exceed 100 and the outside of the US $.
Morgan is the Vatican of the largest agent Morgan is the Vatican of the largest agent . Vatican property status not published, Banking Vatican property status not published, Banking .
extreme secrecy it has three economic organization: one is the Vatican bank, known under the name of the religious affairs of the bank, and was mainly responsible for the financial affairs of the Vatican, the pope directly responsible for, and accept the supervision of the Captaincy of cardinals members extreme secrecy it has three economic organization: one is the Vatican bank, known under the name of the religious affairs of the bank, and was mainly responsible for the financial affairs of the Vatican, the pope directly responsible for, and accept the supervision of the Captaincy of cardinals members . bank set up in 1942,net assets of about 30 - 40 billion, with over 200 banks in the world to do business with bank set up in 1942,net assets of about 30 - 40 billion, with over 200 banks in the world to do business with .
is the Pope of the Vatican City State Committee, responsible for the management of Vatican Radio, Railways, Posts and Telecommunications Corporation and other agencies is the Pope of the Vatican City State Committee, responsible for the management of Vatican Radio, Railways, Posts and Telecommunications Corporation and other agencies . Third, Supreme Pontiff of the asset management division, lower division general departments and special departments, departments in charge of general Third, Supreme Pontiff of the asset management division, lower division general departments and special departments, departments in charge of general .
mainly in Italy of movable and immovable property, with a net worth of nearly $20 mainly in Italy of movable and immovable property, with a net worth of nearly $20 . estimated, Vatican owns 40 hectares of land in Italy, the Vatican's bank credit capital estimated, Vatican owns 40 hectares of land in Italy, the Vatican's bank credit capital .
penetrate the Italian system, as well as electrical, chemical, metallurgical, textile and food industries investment company has a special department for penetrate the Italian system, as well as electrical, chemical, metallurgical, textile and food industries investment company has a special department for . nature,It is found in North America and many European countries have stocks, bonds and real estate has about $ nature,It is found in North America and many European countries have stocks, bonds and real estate has about $.
Vatican owns more than $10 billion in gold reserves, a large amount of foreign investment income is mainly from the United States and Canada in Italy owned 46 ha Vatican owns more than $10 billion in gold reserves, a large amount of foreign investment income is mainly from the United States and Canada in Italy owned 46 ha . .
Real Estate Real Estate.

Social

Traffic

Vatican of transportation is a small system, there is no large airports and expressways, there is only one heliport (for heads of state officials visited the Vatican, Rome to the Vatican's second airport services provided Vatican of transportation is a small system, there is no large airports and expressways, there is only one heliport (for heads of state officials visited the Vatican, Rome to the Vatican's second airport services provided . the Vatican in Rome, Italy, the nearest airport is the Fermi Chino (international) airport the Vatican in Rome, Italy, the nearest airport is the Fermi Chino (international) airport .
from Rome train station (Roma Termini) can take a bus number 40 or 64 reach the Vatican from Rome train station (Roma Termini) can take a bus number 40 or 64 reach the Vatican . Vatican railway station is provided,by 862 meters long railway connection to the city of Rome Roman or Vatican railway station is provided,by 862 meters long railway connection to the city of Rome Roman or .
metro line (Linea A A) in the same direction of arrival stops Ottaviano station along Via stops Ottaviano go on for about 10 minutes to the Vatican metro line (Linea A A) in the same direction of arrival stops Ottaviano station along Via stops Ottaviano go on for about 10 minutes to the Vatican .

Communication

Vatican has its own national postal, the telecommunications system has its own Vatican has its own national postal, the telecommunications system has its own . Vatican newspaper "Osservatore Romano", the magazine "curia Wenhui Monthly Magazine, who also published the" Pontifical Yearbook " Vatican newspaper "Osservatore Romano", the magazine "curia Wenhui Monthly Magazine, who also published the" Pontifical Yearbook ".
it is the only country in the world of Spanish - speaking countries in the world it it is the only country in the world of Spanish - speaking countries in the world it . 179 countries and territories around the" Ambassador of the Holy See "," an envoy of the Holy See "and" representative " 179 countries and territories around the" Ambassador of the Holy See "," an envoy of the Holy See "and" representative ".
" ambassador to the Holy See's equivalent of ambassador, "an envoy of the Holy See" the equivalent of an envoy, a representative there are confined to the pope's representative,The law does not perform the functions and powers in the world have diplomatic " ambassador to the Holy See's equivalent of ambassador, "an envoy of the Holy See" the equivalent of an envoy, a representative there are confined to the pope's representative,The law does not perform the functions and powers in the world have diplomatic . 179 countries and regions in Rome has sent to the Vatican envoys 179 countries and regions in Rome has sent to the Vatican envoys .
through their control of the Catholic clergy and in - country activities, and participate in the international political and economic activities through their control of the Catholic clergy and in - country activities, and participate in the international political and economic activities .

The Media

Vatican Radio, Radio ") is aimed to free and effectiveness of the message of Christ, and attached to, the Catholic Centre in relations with the rest of the world: Rome and the pope's voice convey teachings; reports of the Holy See; and a reflection of Catholic life; notes that church followers seeking an insight into the views of the world, recognizing the signs of the times, keep an eye on Vatican Radio, Radio ") is aimed to free and effectiveness of the message of Christ, and attached to, the Catholic Centre in relations with the rest of the world: Rome and the pope's voice convey teachings; reports of the Holy See; and a reflection of Catholic life; notes that church followers seeking an insight into the views of the world, recognizing the signs of the times, keep an eye on . September 1939 outbreak of World War II, the Vatican's radio show were subjected to inspection of foreign interference,it is a free pass on the message of the media at the time of Nazi Germany with September 1939 outbreak of World War II, the Vatican's radio show were subjected to inspection of foreign interference,it is a free pass on the message of the media at the time of Nazi Germany with .
propaganda minister Goebbels (), I don't know, vowed to make the Vatican Radio shut up; France against the Nazis in the underground but Vatican Radio broadcast transcription by, disseminated the propaganda minister Goebbels (), I don't know, vowed to make the Vatican Radio shut up; France against the Nazis in the underground but Vatican Radio broadcast transcription by, disseminated the . was radio has a newsroom, composed by the Jesuits, in nine languages broadcast was radio has a newsroom, composed by the Jesuits, in nine languages broadcast .
in January 1940, the establishment of the radio interrogation message part, broadcast news of the message, to find the war lost soldiers and civilians, but also spread the message to the families and relatives of prisoners of war: from 1940 to 1946,Vatican Radio broadcast 1240728 Ji was a related message, a broadcast hour in January 1940, the establishment of the radio interrogation message part, broadcast news of the message, to find the war lost soldiers and civilians, but also spread the message to the families and relatives of prisoners of war: from 1940 to 1946,Vatican Radio broadcast 1240728 Ji was a related message, a broadcast hour . 12105 $after the war, Vatican Radio in turn causes an increase in the other language broadcast, therefore require a more powerful transmitter and directional antenna network 12105 $after the war, Vatican Radio in turn causes an increase in the other language broadcast, therefore require a more powerful transmitter and directional antenna network .
then began in 1954 in Rome and is northwest of Santa Maria. The santa maria di Santa Maria di Galeria) built Broadcast Centre, The Centre, which was dated 27 October 1957 by Pope Pius XII opened 1958 pope John XXIII office,Pater's museum on the site of the station in the extension of the new studios and offices to meet the needs of the development of Radio 1958 pope John XXIII office,Pater's museum on the site of the station in the extension of the new studios and offices to meet the needs of the development of Radio .
in the Second Vatican Council, during a meeting of the Radio has spent 3,000 hours, to 30 languages reported via in the Second Vatican Council, during a meeting of the Radio has spent 3,000 hours, to 30 languages reported via . Ecumenical Council of 1963, Pope Paul VI became the first woman to be Ecumenical Council of 1963, Pope Paul VI became the first woman to be .
the following year, in January 1964, flying to a Holy Land pilgrimage, the pope opened the International Pastoral visit of the era; it also gives the vatican radio journalists and technicians present new challenges to their identity; Commissioner with the pope's tour around the world visit the following year, in January 1964, flying to a Holy Land pilgrimage, the pope opened the International Pastoral visit of the era; it also gives the vatican radio journalists and technicians present new challenges to their identity; Commissioner with the pope's tour around the world visit . 1970 on Jan. 29,Holy See Secretary of State Cardinal Miguel Veloso is the head of Vatican Radio headquarters building of the inauguration of the new asylum
presided over this period, a daily radio broadcast hours has nineteen to twenty hours, use of language has two and thirty, the total transmitted force one - thousand - kilowatt, the staff 260 bits, which belong to 38 countries presided over this period, a daily radio broadcast hours has nineteen to twenty hours, use of language has two and thirty, the total transmitted force one - thousand - kilowatt, the staff 260 bits, which belong to 38 countries . Radio Vatican Radio, which owns the huge St. Mary's Hall, in Galle in the launch pad,In terms of shortwave owns two 500 kW Telefunken transmitters and two Brown Boveri 2.5 kW to 500 kW
these efficient transmitter of the transmitter with two antenna frame rotary operation, the two rotary antenna height respectively is 76 m and 106 m and a diameter of respectively 85 and 87 meters these efficient transmitter of the transmitter with two antenna frame rotary operation, the two rotary antenna height respectively is 76 m and 106 m and a diameter of respectively 85 and 87 meters . In addition, there are five hundred kW shortwave transmitter antenna 28 and the fixed seat, and a logarithm of the revolving antenna In addition, there are five hundred kW shortwave transmitter antenna 28 and the fixed seat, and a logarithm of the revolving antenna .
in the medium - wave, the broadcast center with a Brown Boveri 600 kW transmitter,The medium - wave transmitter with a four iron tower, high 94 meters, 70 meters of each other a distance Telefunken in the medium - wave, the broadcast center with a Brown Boveri 600 kW transmitter,The medium - wave transmitter with a four iron tower, high 94 meters, 70 meters of each other a distance Telefunken . In addition is the operation of the directional antenna, and a statue of an omnidirectional antenna and two vintage of Brown Boveri 2.5 kW and 150 kW standby transmitter
Vatican Radio in Italy and Europe and also the use of a precise medium - wave directional antenna system transmitting a channel signal Vatican Radio in Italy and Europe and also the use of a precise medium - wave directional antenna system transmitting a channel signal . this antenna system can lock the specific language of the area for broadcasting this antenna system can lock the specific language of the area for broadcasting .
, Vatican Radio also from Vatican City to Rome in the region of the weather to sweep the acoustics of the FM stereo broadcast,Content includes news and music radio station whenever the pope Pope , Vatican Radio also from Vatican City to Rome in the region of the weather to sweep the acoustics of the FM stereo broadcast,Content includes news and music radio station whenever the pope Pope . travel, and engaged in pastoral activities of the visit, the staff of Vatican Radio would take on the task of maintaining liaison with Rome, and they through satellites, five, six languages was widely reported by the Pope with all the activities of the travel, and engaged in pastoral activities of the visit, the staff of Vatican Radio would take on the task of maintaining liaison with Rome, and they through satellites, five, six languages was widely reported by the Pope with all the activities of the .
station program director or director, and radio journalists and technicians were usually by special plane flight with the pope, was accompanied by the press, the world's top 50 on the left and the right of the pope's visit of the Commissioners of the station program director or director, and radio journalists and technicians were usually by special plane flight with the pope, was accompanied by the press, the world's top 50 on the left and the right of the pope's visit of the Commissioners of the .,Vatican Radio and seconds without leakage of the interview also became Vatican departments and other institutions around the world Catholic broadcasters and public services of precious sources ,Vatican Radio and seconds without leakage of the interview also became Vatican departments and other institutions around the world Catholic broadcasters and public services of precious sources .
Vatican site, Latin, English, German, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese and Chinese (Traditional) Vatican site, Latin, English, German, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese and Chinese (Traditional) .
Vatican CityVatican City
Vatican City

Engineering Technology Dept

Engineering Technology Dept. is located in the XIII World Building, located in the Vatican gardens, built in the late nineteenth century, was the pope's summer palace building is now the head of Vatican Radio technology management department's jurisdiction, which includes a fifteenth century pope nicholas v in the building of the tower, The tower placement has FM broadcasting (up to 50 kW transmitting force, a building ten storey high by the antenna frame: there were four Yagi antenna) and a set of two parabolic antenna system connected to the radio communication system is a system with " building is now the head of Vatican Radio technology management department's jurisdiction, which includes a fifteenth century pope nicholas v in the building of the tower, The tower placement has FM broadcasting (up to 50 kW transmitting force, a building ten storey high by the antenna frame: there were four Yagi antenna) and a set of two parabolic antenna system connected to the radio communication system is a system with ".
" To Santa Maria. The santa maria di Broadcast Centre, attached to, the use of the buildings house four studio,The Assumption of the Virgin in the lobby of a large recording studio that belonged to the digital control system, for making music using buildings house four studio,The Assumption of the Virgin in the lobby of a large recording studio that belonged to the digital control system, for making music using .
from benign XIII nearby Vatican hill, is the building, Vatican Radio was the first broadcasting station, Marconi held throughout the year personally supervised the construction of the Three from benign XIII nearby Vatican hill, is the building, Vatican Radio was the first broadcasting station, Marconi held throughout the year personally supervised the construction of the Three . today, this broadcasting station, is provided with a rotatable antenna logarithmic, to broadcast on shortwave in Europe, and two medium - wave transmitter and three shortwave transmitter today, this broadcasting station, is provided with a rotatable antenna logarithmic, to broadcast on shortwave in Europe, and two medium - wave transmitter and three shortwave transmitter .
That's the one that in buildings where there is a Museum of Vatican Radio, a nine year since the station had used three of the main machine, cultural relics, historic photos and record videos That's the one that in buildings where there is a Museum of Vatican Radio, a nine year since the station had used three of the main machine, cultural relics, historic photos and record videos .

Asylum Building

Since 1970, the building became an asylum for Vatican Radio headquarters, is producing center Since 1970, the building became an asylum for Vatican Radio headquarters, is producing center . forty languages in 23 departments daily studio or to studio digital mode of operation of its programming, for on - site or at the same time of broadcasting of the Marconi building forty languages in 23 departments daily studio or to studio digital mode of operation of its programming, for on - site or at the same time of broadcasting of the Marconi building .
Asylum Office regularly as press conferences, literary and religious activities, workshops, and screenings of documentaries of place Asylum Office regularly as press conferences, literary and religious activities, workshops, and screenings of documentaries of place . Chamber has a sustaining program promotion department of the painter's Leo. Where Tiny the murals, the picture is always transmitted through each of the Vatican's radio speech the pope's portrait,From Pius XI to Pope John Paul II pope
: six in the building for this station staff use of libraries by the twenty - four different language dailies, weeklies, and periodicals of all 250 : six in the building for this station staff use of libraries by the twenty - four different language dailies, weeklies, and periodicals of all 250 . is in addition to the 8,000 - plus books, twenty - eight languages part of the encyclopedia, twenty - two volumes of the different language dictionary, 29 species of specialized dictionaries, as well as two important books of the directory system is in addition to the 8,000 - plus books, twenty - eight languages part of the encyclopedia, twenty - two volumes of the different language dictionary, 29 species of specialized dictionaries, as well as two important books of the directory system .
Lou in the church of the annunciation particularly salute telecommunications - patrons of the Gabriels bishop zen master Lou in the church of the annunciation particularly salute telecommunications - patrons of the Gabriels bishop zen master . angel of Vatican Radio and two Templars, In two of the Templars in the daily live broadcasts Latin mass and Rosary prayers;a week also in live broadcast of the Ukrainian Byzantine etiquette, Romanian Byzantine etiquette, Chinese, English Mass, and occasionally broadcast in Russia, Slavic, Byzantine Armenia and Meloni, these different manners of etiquette angel of Vatican Radio and two Templars, In two of the Templars in the daily live broadcasts Latin mass and Rosary prayers;a week also in live broadcast of the Ukrainian Byzantine etiquette, Romanian Byzantine etiquette, Chinese, English Mass, and occasionally broadcast in Russia, Slavic, Byzantine Armenia and Meloni, these different manners of etiquette .
building department records music tapes are available in the CD - record eight thousand, the traditional record to seven thousand, four thousand tapes, containing a variety of music, for productions using building department records music tapes are available in the CD - record eight thousand, the traditional record to seven thousand, four thousand tapes, containing a variety of music, for productions using .

Culture

Overview

Vatican City itself is a great gem of culture, the city buildings such as St. Peter's Basilica (Basilica di San Pietro in), Peter's Basilica (Basilica di San Pietro in), the Cappella Sistina (Sistine Chapel), etc.) is an important architectural works, including Botticelli, Bernini, Raphael and Michelangelo works of Vatican also has an extensive library collection, and a museum,dedicated to collections of historical, scientific and cultural value of art Vatican also has an extensive library collection, and a museum,dedicated to collections of historical, scientific and cultural value of art .
Vatican's daily life have had religious overtones, and every Sunday, packed St Peter's, 12 noon, church bells rang, the Pope in Saint Peter Basilica on the roof of the median window appear, and addressed to the Hindus, the Vatican's Swiss guards every year on 6 May in Saint - Marceau hospital held a swearing - in ceremony, reciting the five - year stay the vows, and pray god to bless the mission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, bear allegiance to the Pope can give his life for Vatican's daily life have had religious overtones, and every Sunday, packed St Peter's, 12 noon, church bells rang, the Pope in Saint Peter Basilica on the roof of the median window appear, and addressed to the Hindus, the Vatican's Swiss guards every year on 6 May in Saint - Marceau hospital held a swearing - in ceremony, reciting the five - year stay the vows, and pray god to bless the mission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, bear allegiance to the Pope can give his life for . every year there are countless Catholics arrived with Al - Quds Al - Sharif,the memorial of the gates of the Vatican's ban every year there are countless Catholics arrived with Al - Quds Al - Sharif,the memorial of the gates of the Vatican's ban .
tourists or local residents that are exposed above the knee, to which the gates of the sacred tribute tourists or local residents that are exposed above the knee, to which the gates of the sacred tribute . Vatican masterpiece of art, mainly in St Peter's Basilica, Vatican Museum and Sistine Chapel Sistine chapel (chapel) Vatican masterpiece of art, mainly in St Peter's Basilica, Vatican Museum and Sistine Chapel Sistine chapel (chapel) .
There's a Michelangelo fresco "The Last Judgment" and the zenith of the painting "Genesis"; the Vatican Museum, Library and Art Gallery houses a collection of medieval and Renaissance treasures and artworks since There's a Michelangelo fresco "The Last Judgment" and the zenith of the painting "Genesis"; the Vatican Museum, Library and Art Gallery houses a collection of medieval and Renaissance treasures and artworks since .

Language

Italian (Latin) Vatican City State (Holy See)Italian (Latin) Vatican City State (Holy See).

Religious

the Vatican is the Vatican the Vatican is the Vatican . Catholic residents in the country of nearly 13 million Catholics of spiritual center, every year attracts millions of tourists, tour Catholic residents in the country of nearly 13 million Catholics of spiritual center, every year attracts millions of tourists, tour .

Schaeffer

In the Vatican the world with more than 60 universities around the world, the Catholic Church and more than 2,000 senior religious appointments are confirmed, in charge of Catholic believers all In the Vatican the world with more than 60 universities around the world, the Catholic Church and more than 2,000 senior religious appointments are confirmed, in charge of Catholic believers all .

Festival

National Day: February 11, 1929 (the Lateran Treaty signed by National Day: February 11, 1929 (the Lateran Treaty signed by .)).

Tourism

Overview

Vatican City State (Stato della Postale del) territory includes St Peter's Basilica, the Vatican Palace and the Vatican Museum. Land was roughly triangular, with the exception of st. peter's square in the city of the southeast, borders to the Vatican City sign

Shopping

Visitors may be along next to the Vatican of Rizzo Lu Ji missed out on to the square wave slope Luo Plaza shopping mall on the street for a walk to shopping, great streets from high fashion to the civilian population of survival store Visitors may be along next to the Vatican of Rizzo Lu Ji missed out on to the square wave slope Luo Plaza shopping mall on the street for a walk to shopping, great streets from high fashion to the civilian population of survival store .

Diet

Vatican is essentially situated in the territory of Italy "a state within a state", and all the other countries are different, the country's territory No fields, no agriculture, no industry, no national mineral resources Vatican is essentially situated in the territory of Italy "a state within a state", and all the other countries are different, the country's territory No fields, no agriculture, no industry, no national mineral resources . production necessities, such as tap water, electricity, food, fuel, gas etc all by Italian
so supplied in the diet is no big difference between Italian so supplied in the diet is no big difference between Italian . locals in diet on eating pasta quite exquisite, paid a visit to a certain prearranged locals in diet on eating pasta quite exquisite, paid a visit to a certain prearranged .
Vatican Museum is located at the opposite side of the doorway of a store, may be in - the - wall, can you buy pizza and coffee and food,There are also some nearby roadside kiosk can buy fresh fruit Vatican Museum is located at the opposite side of the doorway of a store, may be in - the - wall, can you buy pizza and coffee and food,There are also some nearby roadside kiosk can buy fresh fruit . mostly of visitors to the Vatican City are to watch the famous Basilica of Saint Peter, in the diet is more like the city back to Rome, because Rome with whites, mostly of visitors to the Vatican City are to watch the famous Basilica of Saint Peter, in the diet is more like the city back to Rome, because Rome with whites, .

Souvenirs

Stamps, coins and Catholic holy (Madonna, a crucifix pendant) Stamps, coins and Catholic holy (Madonna, a crucifix pendant) . Vatican issued annually by the exquisite stamps and commemorative coins, usually in Saint Peter Basilica Vatican issued annually by the exquisite stamps and commemorative coins, usually in Saint Peter Basilica .
tourists next to the Vatican post office mailed postcards with stamps of the Vatican to mark the occasion tourists next to the Vatican post office mailed postcards with stamps of the Vatican to mark the occasion .

Scenic Spot

Vatican Museum (The Vatican Museum in the Vatican Museum is located in Rome, Italy St. Peter's, to the north, the former papal palace collected artefacts and art treasures, as London British Museum and the Louvre in Paris are comparable to those of the collected artefacts and art treasures, as London British Museum and the Louvre in Paris are comparable to those of the .
in the 16th century, the museum expanded with the basilica at the same time, the total area of 5.5 hectares, the museum is in the range of 1 / 13, the Palace Museum has an exhibition area with similar the vast Vatican Museums with six exhibition spaces,The famous Sistine Chapel (Chapel) in Europe which is ranked third or fourth of the state - of - the - art the vast Vatican Museums with six exhibition spaces,The famous Sistine Chapel (Chapel) in Europe which is ranked third or fourth of the state - of - the - art .
sightseeing together, would be gruelling, so best to forward planning, concentrating on a few themes, and some time in this sightseeing together, would be gruelling, so best to forward planning, concentrating on a few themes, and some time in this . Basilica Basilica di San Pietro (inch), the world's first Cathedral Basilica Basilica Basilica di San Pietro (inch), the world's first Cathedral Basilica .
church located on the west side of the square, as early as the 4th century AD, Roman Emperor Constantine in Rome to commemorate the martyrdom of the Apostle St. Peter's, the northwest corner,In its cemetery built a Basilica church is basilican structures, referred to as Old St. Peter's Basilica in the 16th century Pope Zhu Li II decided to rebuild the cathedral, and commenced in 1506, in 120 years of the reconstruction process of Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Derra Poulter and Carlo Ma Thiel as one of Italy's best architect, has taken charge of the design and construction, on 18 November 1626 declare completed, the newly renovated church was Renaissance and baroque architecture, referred to as the new St. Peter's Basilica; since 1870,of major religious activities are held here
the entire church building exhibits Greek cross structure, conventional styling or divine; the church's main building was 45 ft., including the porch to east for about 230 meters wide from north to south and about 138 meters, building area of 30,000 square meters, can accommodate up to 6 million people, until now the world's largest church because of the church has been designed to convey symmetry aesthetics, aesthetic perspective, the proportion is based on such principle, scientific nature, the appearance of visual harmony, its porch, above which there is Jesus - centric 11 statues on either side of a display time and the time of the Roman Greenwich clock,In the very middle of the church a Michelangelo designed from the ground up to 137. 8 meters, with a circumference of a circular dome 71 meters above sea level, is not only Vatican City and is the highest point of the whole city of Rome, tourists can summit overlooking the Roman scene; the church has five gates are given access, but its right - hand side of the "holy door" every 25 years on Christmas Eve and is opened only once, that section usually traverse by tourists is very difficult to meet the opportunity you
and that we were in the door into the hall, the entrance of the Vatican's Swiss guards, many visitors at the door and took photos with them and that we were in the door into the hall, the entrance of the Vatican's Swiss guards, many visitors at the door and took photos with them . into inner eyes look - around, is one of shock,dazzling art treasures and a dizzying internal into inner eyes look - around, is one of shock,dazzling art treasures and a dizzying internal .
123. 4 meter high dome with a 183 - metre - long hall was covered by "the Bible" is the theme of the paintings and statues, many of whom are virtuoso end of the nave windows color has a length 1. 5 meters of the pigeon is the Holy Spirit, to be quite the hall on the left towards the inlet of the
Treasure Hall church with a total of Antibes and artistic treasures, which the "Pieta", bronze baldachin and the throne of Saint Peter is a little member 3 Treasure Hall church with a total of Antibes and artistic treasures, which the "Pieta", bronze baldachin and the throne of Saint Peter is a little member 3 .

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