使役動詞

使役動詞

英語中使役動詞是表示使、令、讓、幫、叫等意義的不完全及物動詞,主要有leave(離開)、get(得到)、keep(保持)、make(使、令)、let(讓)、help(幫助)、have(有、讓、從事、允許、拿)等。使役動詞後接受詞,再接原形不定詞作受詞補語。

定義

使役動詞是表示使、令、讓、幫、叫等意義的不完全及物動詞,主要有leave(離開).get(得到).keep(保持).make(使,令),let(讓),help(幫助),have(有;讓;從事;允許;拿)等。

用法

使役動詞後接受詞,再接

原形不定詞作

受詞補語。

賓語時,人稱代詞用賓格。

例句

使役動詞使役動詞

1)He made me(賓格) laugh.

他使我發笑。

2)I let him go.

我讓他走開。

3)I helped him repair the car.

我幫他修理汽車。

4)Please have him come here.

請叫他到這裡來。

3.使役動詞還可以接過去分詞作受詞補語。

I have my hair cut every month.

我每個月理髮。

4.使役動詞的被動語態的受詞補語用不定詞,不用原形不定詞。

1)(主)He made me laugh.

他使我笑了。

2)(被)I was made to laugh by him.

我被他逗笑了。

使役動詞有以下用法:

a. have somebody do sth讓某人去做某事

I had him arrange for a car.

b. have somebody doing sth.讓某人持續做某事。

He had us laughing all through lunch.

注意:用於否定名時,表示“允許”

e.g. I won't have you running around in the house.

我不允許你在家裡到處亂跑。

典型動詞

Have:

1) have sb do 讓某人乾某事

eg:What would you have me do?

2)have sb/sth doing 讓某人或某事處於某種狀態,聽任

eg: I won't have women working in our company.

The two cheats had the light burning all night long.

3)have sth done 讓別人乾某事,遭受到

eg:you 'd better have your teeth pulled out.

He had his pocket picked.

notes: "done"這個動作不是主語發出來的。

注意:用於否定句時,表示“允許”

e.g. I won't have you running around in the house.

我不允許你在家裡到處亂跑。

Make:

1)make sb do sth 讓某人乾某事

eg:They made me repeat the story.

What makes the grass grow?

notes: I was made to repeat the story.

2)make sb/sth done/adj./n 使某人/某物…

eg. The news made him happy.

He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.

His actions made him universally respected.

He made her his wife.

3)make sb. sth

=make sth. for sb. 為某人做某物

eg. My aunt made me a kite.

=My aunt made a kite for me.

Get:(有使役意義,但不是使役動詞)

1)get sb to do 使某人乾某事

eg: I can't get anyone to do the work properly.

2)get sth done 讓別人乾某事

eg: I must get my hair cut.

Can you get the work finished in time?

Leave:

1)leave sb to do sth 讓某人乾某事

eg: We left him to paint the gate.

I'll leave you to settle all the business.

2)leave sb doing 讓繼續處於某種狀態

eg: Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.

We left him painting the gate.

3)leave sth done/adj./prep.phrase

eg:Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.

His illness has left him weak.

I was left with a ray of hope.

使役性動詞(Causative Verb)

1.make /have/ let +sb. +do sth./let+down+sb.

2.get/set/leave + sb to do/doing sth.

不規則過去分詞

be was/were been

有77個不規則過去分詞。

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