Historical Evolution
Ancient
15th century until the 1970s, the island is uninhabited 15th century until the 1970s, the island is uninhabited . in 1470, the Portuguese Navy in P. escobar, led by the invasion of the island, one of the 12 disciples of Jesus are named after this beautiful island for Sao Tome
in 1471, the Portuguese occupied the island's north - east and another island, called Principe, Prince Edward Island in 1471, the Portuguese occupied the island's north - east and another island, called Principe, Prince Edward Island . in 1522, the island was colonised by the portuguese portugal in 1522, the island was colonised by the portuguese portugal .
domestic authorities of the other political prisoners and criminals were sent there domestic authorities of the other political prisoners and criminals were sent there . Portuguese later killed prisoners and Jews migrated to the island and established plantations, and from the continent of black laborers in Portuguese later killed prisoners and Jews migrated to the island and established plantations, and from the continent of black laborers in .
during the slave trade,Sao Tome and Principe became to and from the European - African - American of the half - way between the vessel and for Negroes during the slave trade,Sao Tome and Principe became to and from the European - African - American of the half - way between the vessel and for Negroes . transfer station at the same time, Portuguese colonists also from Angola, Mozambique and Cape Verde Islands and other places swept by slaves, forced the island for sugarcane plantations as young transfer station at the same time, Portuguese colonists also from Angola, Mozambique and Cape Verde Islands and other places swept by slaves, forced the island for sugarcane plantations as young .
in the brutal treatment of colonists, slaves are dying in huge numbers, had two island "Death Island" in the brutal treatment of colonists, slaves are dying in huge numbers, had two island "Death Island" . the end of the 16th century, the islands of slave rebellion, to overthrow the once - white slave - owners ruled the end of the 16th century, the islands of slave rebellion, to overthrow the once - white slave - owners ruled .
thereafter, frequent the island's slave revolt, forcing some of the planters transferred to Brazil,Sugarcane plantations on the island of gradually fading thereafter, frequent the island's slave revolt, forcing some of the planters transferred to Brazil,Sugarcane plantations on the island of gradually fading . 1599 and in 1641, the Dutch took Portuguese forces with recession, twice attacked the city of Sao Tome, and occupied the islands in 1648 1599 and in 1641, the Dutch took Portuguese forces with recession, twice attacked the city of Sao Tome, and occupied the islands in 1648 .
, the Portuguese and the Dutch to recapture the two islands, for the continuation of the slave trade and trans - , the Portuguese and the Dutch to recapture the two islands, for the continuation of the slave trade and trans - .
Modern
17th - and 18th - century Dutch, the French occupation, and become the ocean at the place of berth of the slave trade and transit, and transportation center, in the economic decline after the 1878 and also against the Portuguese colonists from Angola, Gabon and Guinea recruitment of "indentured labour" on the island is mainly - grown with cocoa and coffee, and the islands became an important part of the world production of cocoa and a breeding ground for 17th - and 18th - century Dutch, the French occupation, and become the ocean at the place of berth of the slave trade and transit, and transportation center, in the economic decline after the 1878 and also against the Portuguese colonists from Angola, Gabon and Guinea recruitment of "indentured labour" on the island is mainly - grown with cocoa and coffee, and the islands became an important part of the world production of cocoa and a breeding ground for . in 1909, the German and British chocolate manufacturer and Sao Tome and Principe and contractors are all slaves of the plantation, the peak of the boycott of the Sao Tome cocoa production of in 1909, the German and British chocolate manufacturer and Sao Tome and Principe and contractors are all slaves of the plantation, the peak of the boycott of the Sao Tome cocoa production of .
1951,Portuguese overseas province of Sao Tome and Principe will instead direct control 1951,Portuguese overseas province of Sao Tome and Principe will instead direct control . .
Let Governor in 1960, Sao Tome and Principe's Liberation Committee (established in 1972 changed its name to the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe Let Governor in 1960, Sao Tome and Principe's Liberation Committee (established in 1972 changed its name to the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe . 1990 and renamed as Social Democratic Party - Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe, referred to as SLM), demanded the unconditional independence 1990 and renamed as Social Democratic Party - Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe, referred to as SLM), demanded the unconditional independence .
1974 Portuguese authorities with the MLSTP / reached an independent agreement 1974 Portuguese authorities with the MLSTP / reached an independent agreement . 12 July 1975 declaring independence, the new country was named as the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, Manuel Pinto da Costa as president 12 July 1975 declaring independence, the new country was named as the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, Manuel Pinto da Costa as president .
after independence has had a long career as a one - party rule by the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe after independence has had a long career as a one - party rule by the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe . August 1990 multi - party August 1990 multi - party .
January 1991,Democratic Unionist Party (abbreviated Mintong) party won the most seats in parliamentary elections, becoming the party, defeating Miguel Trovoada was elected President January 1991,Democratic Unionist Party (abbreviated Mintong) party won the most seats in parliamentary elections, becoming the party, defeating Miguel Trovoada was elected President . 1996 July Trovoada 1996 July Trovoada .
reelected president in November 1998, whose re - elections in winning, and present them to the formation of the new reelected president in November 1998, whose re - elections in winning, and present them to the formation of the new . in August 2001, the Independent Democratic Action Party (hereinafter referred to as the "Independent Party") candidate, Fradique de Menezes SLM defeated candidates elected president Pinto and Sept. 3
formal inauguration in July 2006, the Menezes as a pro - democracy forces for change / Liberal Party (hereinafter referred to as' Party ") and Mintong bipartisan coalition party candidates to run for president again in formal inauguration in July 2006, the Menezes as a pro - democracy forces for change / Liberal Party (hereinafter referred to as' Party ") and Mintong bipartisan coalition party candidates to run for president again in . in August 2010, Patrice Trovoada coalition its independence party won the parliamentary elections, to be the government of Prime Minister in August 2010, Patrice Trovoada coalition its independence party won the parliamentary elections, to be the government of Prime Minister .
in August 2011, an independent candidate, former President da Costa, President - elect in August 2011, an independent candidate, former President da Costa, President - elect .
Geographical Environment
Horizon Location
Sao Tome and Principe is located in West Africa and the Gulf of Guinea in the south - east, east of the continent the 201 km from Sao Tome and Principe is made up of two main islands and the nearby Rodrigo, Pedras, Sasha's and Luo Las etc 14 islands; area of 1,001 square kilometers (859 square km island of Sao Tome and Principe island of 142 square kilometers) and Sao Tome and Principe and Gabon Sao Tome and Principe is located in West Africa and the Gulf of Guinea in the south - east, east of the continent the 201 km from Sao Tome and Principe is made up of two main islands and the nearby Rodrigo, Pedras, Sasha's and Luo Las etc 14 islands; area of 1,001 square kilometers (859 square km island of Sao Tome and Principe island of 142 square kilometers) and Sao Tome and Principe and Gabon . east, northeast and across the sea in Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome Island's main island, roughly 15 degrees north latitude 0, longitude 6 36 east, northeast and across the sea in Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome Island's main island, roughly 15 degrees north latitude 0, longitude 6 36 .
Landform
Sao Tome and Principe, home of the San, the two islands are volcanic island, rugged terrain, the multiple peaks, with the exception of coastal plains, most of the island is a basalt mountain, the highest peak at an altitude of 2024 m Sao Tome and Principe, home of the San, the two islands are volcanic island, rugged terrain, the multiple peaks, with the exception of coastal plains, most of the island is a basalt mountain, the highest peak at an altitude of 2024 m . Sao Tome Sao Tome.
Climatic Characteristics
Sao Tome and Principe has a tropical rainforest climate, humid, the two main islands with a mean temperature of 27 C Sao Tome and Principe has a tropical rainforest climate, humid, the two main islands with a mean temperature of 27 C . 1 - 5 month is the big rainy season from June to September is the dry season months are rainy season 1 - 5 month is the big rainy season from June to September is the dry season months are rainy season .
small with an average annual rainfall of 1000 - 2500 mm small with an average annual rainfall of 1000 - 2500 mm . prevailed and the islands of the mild and moist southerly and southeasterly gale when little prevailed and the islands of the mild and moist southerly and southeasterly gale when little .
Administrative Divisions
Zoning Details
Sao Tome and Principe country is divided into seven districts, namely: - Agua Grande (Agua Grande), Mei Saussy (Me -), Cantagalo (Cantagalo), Kauai (êdistrict), Lombardy (), Bata () and cover (), in addition to the island of Principe in Gai County Park, both in Sao Tome Island Sao Tome and Principe country is divided into seven districts, namely: - Agua Grande (Agua Grande), Mei Saussy (Me -), Cantagalo (Cantagalo), Kauai (êdistrict), Lombardy (), Bata () and cover (), in addition to the island of Principe in Gai County Park, both in Sao Tome Island . 9 9.
Capital Introduction
the capital of Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome Island () is located in the northeast Atlantic to the Gulf of Guinea, the country's political, economic, cultural center and a major port since the the capital of Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome Island () is located in the northeast Atlantic to the Gulf of Guinea, the country's political, economic, cultural center and a major port since the . in the tropics, spending half the year rainy, humid climate, year - round verdant, is a beautiful and quiet garden - like city streets and tidy in the tropics, spending half the year rainy, humid climate, year - round verdant, is a beautiful and quiet garden - like city streets and tidy .
, , . few skyscrapers and the tallest building is a seven - story white house, the rest are bungalows with garden or the sea. It was built to vis nbyfu the whitewashed walls of the two - story, set in the patches of coconut trees in the downtown of
Independence Square is a celebration held annually where Independence Square is a celebration held annually where . Notre Dame Cathedral is the city's famous building,the front tower wall, and the entire church is pure white and covered with a red top, surrounded by green in the middle of the streets and in the Notre Dame Cathedral is the city's famous building,the front tower wall, and the entire church is pure white and covered with a red top, surrounded by green in the middle of the streets and in the .
park park . have provided many seaside roads in the island - wide have provided many seaside roads in the island - wide .
Natural Resources
The land resources in 2003, and Sao Tome and Principe, the irrigation and 100 square kilometers, the 2005 national arable land of about 83 square kilometers, accounting for the entire territory of 8. 33% ● Forest Resources in 2010, and Sao Tome and Principe's total forest area of 270 km2, accounting for the entire territory of 28. 1% Mineral Resources
The 1999 Exxon Mobiles (XOM) announced Monday in an offshore oilfield found The 1999 Exxon Mobiles (XOM) announced Monday in an offshore oilfield found . verified oil reserves and is expected to 60 - 100 billion barrels, but is still in the infancy stage verified oil reserves and is expected to 60 - 100 billion barrels, but is still in the infancy stage .
National Symbol
Serendip
in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe (English: The Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe; Portuguese: República á Política São Tom e | Pr Medina for short), Sao Tome and Principe's in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe (English: The Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe; Portuguese: República á Política São Tom e | Pr Medina for short), Sao Tome and Principe's .
Flies The Flag Of The People's Republic Of China
(Sao Tome and Principe) flag was a rectangular shape, long and wide ratio is 2: 1 (Sao Tome and Principe) flag was a rectangular shape, long and wide ratio is 2: 1 . by red, green, yellow, and black formed by red, green, yellow, and black formed .
Flagpole on the side of the red isosceles triangle, the right to three parallel wide, yellow for the middle, from top to bottom in green, yellow width of the two in the black Wu Jiaoxing Flagpole on the side of the red isosceles triangle, the right to three parallel wide, yellow for the middle, from top to bottom in green, yellow width of the two in the black Wu Jiaoxing . green symbolizes agricultural, yellow symbolizes our cocoa and our other natural resources, as a symbol for the independent freedom fighters of the blood, two stars were made by the representatives of Sao Tome and Principe is made up of two main islands, which is superimposed a black - black green symbolizes agricultural, yellow symbolizes our cocoa and our other natural resources, as a symbol for the independent freedom fighters of the blood, two stars were made by the representatives of Sao Tome and Principe is made up of two main islands, which is superimposed a black - black .
National Emblem
Sao Tome and Principe on behalf of the National Emblem is the two large islands of the South Africa so far helped shield of arms Sao Tome and Principe on behalf of the National Emblem is the two large islands of the South Africa so far helped shield of arms . left tail of the black eagle feather on behalf of the city's black residents; right on the eagle's tail is red, then the local coloured population is a symbol of solidarity, is making a concerted effort to build a beautiful home left tail of the black eagle feather on behalf of the city's black residents; right on the eagle's tail is red, then the local coloured population is a symbol of solidarity, is making a concerted effort to build a beautiful home .
leaden behind the name is based on a tall and plump willow, that's a gift from God, is the country's main cash crops leaden behind the name is based on a tall and plump willow, that's a gift from God, is the country's main cash crops . coat of arms of the upper end of the blue five - pointed star in the sky, the ocean is also coat of arms of the upper end of the blue five - pointed star in the sky, the ocean is also .
emblem on top and have a yellow sash, respectively, with the names of the people of the name and motto: "Unity, discipline, hardworking" emblem on top and have a yellow sash, respectively, with the names of the people of the name and motto: "Unity, discipline, hardworking" .
Festival
Independence: 12 July annual Army Day every year on 6 September.
Population
the population of Sao Tome and Principe 19. 8 million 90% as the Bantu, the rest is Mestizo portuguese is the official 90% as the Bantu, the rest is Mestizo portuguese is the official .
. 90% of the population is Catholic 90% of the population is Catholic .
Transportation
Sao Tome and Principe country highway 380 km, of which 250 kilometers and the asphalt Sao Tome and Principe country highway 380 km, of which 250 kilometers and the asphalt . airport and shallow water ports, each of the two airport and shallow water ports, each of the two .
Sao tome's international airport for large airliners landing Sao tome's international airport for large airliners landing . Sao Tome airline by Portugal, Sao Tome and France JV Sao Tome airline by Portugal, Sao Tome and France JV .
round - trip flights to major cities of the world - owned by Portugal's airline business, there are other flights mainly from Angola, Gabon and Cameroon Airlines operate round - trip round - trip flights to major cities of the world - owned by Portugal's airline business, there are other flights mainly from Angola, Gabon and Cameroon Airlines operate round - trip . Lisbon, Libreville, Antwerp and Rotterdam maritime routes mainly by the Portuguese, the Dutch shipping business Lisbon, Libreville, Antwerp and Rotterdam maritime routes mainly by the Portuguese, the Dutch shipping business .
2003, Gabon Airlines to suspend flights from Libreville to Sao Tome enough customers 2003, Gabon Airlines to suspend flights from Libreville to Sao Tome enough customers .
Political
Polity
Sao Tome and Principe owing to the introduction of semi - presidential republic Sao Tome and Principe owing to the introduction of semi - presidential republic . da Costa took office, to balance the important relationship with government departments, while the central government and local government in Principe differences, intensify anti - corruption efforts and require people to enhance unity between differentnationalities da Costa took office, to balance the important relationship with government departments, while the central government and local government in Principe differences, intensify anti - corruption efforts and require people to enhance unity between differentnationalities .
the Sao Tome state would reduce deficits, control inflation, attracting foreign direct investment, the development of economy as the focus of the work of the national economy develops smoothly the Sao Tome state would reduce deficits, control inflation, attracting foreign direct investment, the development of economy as the focus of the work of the national economy develops smoothly . 11 January 2012, Sao Tome and Principe's parliament by Trovoada's government after a motion of impeachment, President da Costa announced the dissolution of the government's 11 January 2012, Sao Tome and Principe's parliament by Trovoada's government after a motion of impeachment, President da Costa announced the dissolution of the government's .
12 months, whose combined Mintong party,'Party and other parties and independents consists of Sao Tome and Principe's new government, from citizens and the development of the Alliance for Democracy (PAD) took up the post of prime minister Gabriel Costa, 12 months, whose combined Mintong party,'Party and other parties and independents consists of Sao Tome and Principe's new government, from citizens and the development of the Alliance for Democracy (PAD) took up the post of prime minister Gabriel Costa, . 2013, Sao Tome and Principe basically stable 2013, Sao Tome and Principe basically stable .
Constitution
current constitution promulgated in September 1990, which stipulated that: Sao Tome and Principe is an independent sovereign state, is grounded in fundamental human rights on the basis of democracy and the rule of law on the separation of church and State current constitution promulgated in September 1990, which stipulated that: Sao Tome and Principe is an independent sovereign state, is grounded in fundamental human rights on the basis of democracy and the rule of law on the separation of church and State ., , .
the President is the Head of the judiciary, the commander - in - chief of the armed forces, elected by universal suffrage for a five - year term, renewable once the President is the Head of the judiciary, the commander - in - chief of the armed forces, elected by universal suffrage for a five - year term, renewable once . president empowered to appoint and dismiss the prime minister, dissolve parliament and issue laws and decrees and commands such as president empowered to appoint and dismiss the prime minister, dissolve parliament and issue laws and decrees and commands such as .
Parliament
National Assembly is the supreme representative and legislative National Assembly is the supreme representative and legislative . .
to four - year terms in the current session of Parliament in August 2010, a total of 55 councillors, of whom Independent Democratic Action Party with 26 seats, the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome / Social Democratic Party (21 seats, the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) - ponder the team with 7 seats, the Democratic Movement - Party of the transformative power of Xi, the incumbent Speaker 1 to four - year terms in the current session of Parliament in August 2010, a total of 55 councillors, of whom Independent Democratic Action Party with 26 seats, the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome / Social Democratic Party (21 seats, the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) - ponder the team with 7 seats, the Democratic Movement - Party of the transformative power of Xi, the incumbent Speaker 1 . Alcide, Nuno Pinto Alcide, Nuno Pinto .
Judicial
Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ, responsible for the supervision of a court of law in the interpretation and application, its members appointed by the Parliament; the Attorney - General's Office is responsible for the defence of democracy and the rule of law, the Attorney - General, nominated by the Government, and appointed by the President of the Supreme Court Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ, responsible for the supervision of a court of law in the interpretation and application, its members appointed by the Parliament; the Attorney - General's Office is responsible for the defence of democracy and the rule of law, the Attorney - General, nominated by the Government, and appointed by the President of the Supreme Court . Silvestre Wright, Attorney General Adelino Pereira Neto Silvestre Wright, Attorney General Adelino Pereira Neto .
Political Party
According to September 1990, the promulgation of the Law on political parties, one party shall not be less than 250 people, and to the country's highest appeals court for the legal registration with the According to September 1990, the promulgation of the Law on political parties, one party shall not be less than 250 people, and to the country's highest appeals court for the legal registration with the . in early 2007, registration of legal political parties, totally 14 in early 2007, registration of legal political parties, totally 14 .
(1) Independent Democratic Action Party: 21 March 1993, the formal establishment of the (1) Independent Democratic Action Party: 21 March 1993, the formal establishment of the . is now the largest party in congress, a total of 26 is now the largest party in congress, a total of 26 .
General Secretary Xi Lei, David Nazare General Secretary Xi Lei, David Nazare . (2) of the Social Democratic Party for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe -: (2) of the Social Democratic Party for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe -: .
of the nation's largest political party, founded in September 1960 of the nation's largest political party, founded in September 1960 ., formerly the Committee for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe, 1972 it was renamed Liberation Movement,1990 was renamed into the existing seats 21 , formerly the Committee for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe, 1972 it was renamed Liberation Movement,1990 was renamed into the existing seats 21 .
. .
Chairman Jorge Amado (3) DUP: formerly the meditation group, created in November 1990 the existing seats Chairman Jorge Amado (3) DUP: formerly the meditation group, created in November 1990 the existing seats . 7 7 .
Chairman Javier Mendez Chairman Javier Mendez . (4) of the transformative power of liberal / democratic movement: under the name of democracy - the forces of change 2001 (4) of the transformative power of liberal / democratic movement: under the name of democracy - the forces of change 2001 .
12 was formed on 20 January, before the SLM by the national committee of the legendary Chateau de Menezes, who had caught the president with support from many of the backbone from the SLM and the people alone 12 was formed on 20 January, before the SLM by the national committee of the legendary Chateau de Menezes, who had caught the president with support from many of the backbone from the SLM and the people alone . Dang in April 2004, it convened the first congress of party representativesand renamed the existing seats Dang in April 2004, it convened the first congress of party representativesand renamed the existing seats .
1 1 . chairman is former President Fradique de Menezes of Sao Tome ( chairman is former President Fradique de Menezes of Sao Tome (.
5) Labour Party: Founded on 13 January 1993 5) Labour Party: Founded on 13 January 1993 . originally referred to the Labour party, the Awami League, the major members of the diaspora living in Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe's originally referred to the Labour party, the Awami League, the major members of the diaspora living in Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe's .
, held in June 2001 the first Chongqing Congress, General Secretary of the renamed , held in June 2001 the first Chongqing Congress, General Secretary of the renamed . - Anaclet Alberto Luo Lin - Anaclet Alberto Luo Lin .
Christian Democratic Front (6): the predecessor was founded in 1976, Sao Tome and Principe national resistance front Christian Democratic Front (6): the predecessor was founded in 1976, Sao Tome and Principe national resistance front . 1990 December, Yi was renamed 1990 December, Yi was renamed .
Council Chairman Alessio Secco and Rui Costa ( Council Chairman Alessio Secco and Rui Costa (. 7) - the opposition Democratic Alliance:of 15 October 1990, by three separate opposition groups - the National Resistance Front, the National Democratic Action and the Independent Democratic Alliance merged with 7) - the opposition Democratic Alliance:of 15 October 1990, by three separate opposition groups - the National Resistance Front, the National Democratic Action and the Independent Democratic Alliance merged with .
Chairman Neves Silva Chairman Neves Silva .
Dignitaries
President Manuel Pinto da Costa President Manuel Pinto da Costa . 1937 August 5 1937 August 5 .
was born in Sao Tome and Principe, Angola and Portugal, after studying at the Humboldt University, a doctorate degree in economics in was born in Sao Tome and Principe, Angola and Portugal, after studying at the Humboldt University, a doctorate degree in economics in . - - Social Democratic Party for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe (SLM), co - founder and longtime chairman of the party - - Social Democratic Party for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe (SLM), co - founder and longtime chairman of the party .
1975, Sao Tome and Principe's post - independence president, ruling until 1991 when 1975, Sao Tome and Principe's post - independence president, ruling until 1991 when . Sao Tome after multi - party system, continuous twice ran unsuccessfully for president in August 2011 Sao Tome after multi - party system, continuous twice ran unsuccessfully for president in August 2011 .
,President - elect prime minister Gabriel Costa, ,President - elect prime minister Gabriel Costa, . .
. Born in 1962, from 2000 to 2002 he served as ambassador to Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe's Born in 1962, from 2000 to 2002 he served as ambassador to Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe's .
in April 2002, was appointed prime minister, who was ousted in a September 2010 in April 2002, was appointed prime minister, who was ousted in a September 2010 . stepped down in August and then again from December 2012 impeachment, stepped down in August and then again from December 2012 impeachment, .
November 2014 and then again from November 2014 and then again from .
Military
armed forces created in 1975, the year in 1991 after the Revolutionary Armed Forces, said the Sao Tome and Principe), by the armed forces, police, the presidential guard and militias from armed forces created in 1975, the year in 1991 after the Revolutionary Armed Forces, said the Sao Tome and Principe), by the armed forces, police, the presidential guard and militias from . 2001 by 600 people to the streamlining of some 300 people, including two battalion of the Army, Navy, 1 row, 1 battalion of militia and the Presidential Guard is 160 2001 by 600 people to the streamlining of some 300 people, including two battalion of the Army, Navy, 1 row, 1 battalion of militia and the Presidential Guard is 160 .
weaponry mainly from Portugal, South Africa and Libya weaponry mainly from Portugal, South Africa and Libya . .
President is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces Chief of Staff, Brigadier - General J. P. Segundo
Diplomatic
Foreign Policy
peace and good - neighborly foreign policy, establish and develop friendly and cooperative relations, international cooperation in order to better utilize resources, is Sao Tome and Principe's development services; improving the economic and development priorities of the Portuguese - speaking African countries, and Western donors; The country safeguards the African unity, the emphasis on regional cooperation, in support of integration in Africa; stressed the importance of the adoption of dialogue to resolve disputes, and calls for the establishment of a new international political and economic order that peace and good - neighborly foreign policy, establish and develop friendly and cooperative relations, international cooperation in order to better utilize resources, is Sao Tome and Principe's development services; improving the economic and development priorities of the Portuguese - speaking African countries, and Western donors; The country safeguards the African unity, the emphasis on regional cooperation, in support of integration in Africa; stressed the importance of the adoption of dialogue to resolve disputes, and calls for the establishment of a new international political and economic order that . Department of the African Union, Economic Community of Central African States, the Member States and the Community of Portuguese - Speaking Countries (CPLP), the OIF member States Department of the African Union, Economic Community of Central African States, the Member States and the Community of Portuguese - Speaking Countries (CPLP), the OIF member States .
Diplomatic Relations
its relations with China and bilateral relations between China and Sao Tome and Principe profile 12 July 1975, in the treatment of the diplomatic its relations with China and bilateral relations between China and Sao Tome and Principe profile 12 July 1975, in the treatment of the diplomatic . 6 May 1997, the Sao Tome announced at the "diplomatic ties" with taiwan; on 11 July, the government announced that from that day with Sao Tome and Principe's foreign relations, and cease to enforce any other agreements between the Governments of the 6 May 1997, the Sao Tome announced at the "diplomatic ties" with taiwan; on 11 July, the government announced that from that day with Sao Tome and Principe's foreign relations, and cease to enforce any other agreements between the Governments of the .
bilateral economic and trade relations and economic and technological cooperation, China provided financial assistance, completed and handed over to the people's palace, bamboo kep, Training Center bilateral economic and trade relations and economic and technological cooperation, China provided financial assistance, completed and handed over to the people's palace, bamboo kep, Training Center . 6 project in 1975 the two countries signed a trade agreement 6 project in 1975 the two countries signed a trade agreement .
Sao Tome because foreign exchange shortages,In 1980 the two parties to suspend cash trade Sao Tome because foreign exchange shortages,In 1980 the two parties to suspend cash trade . 1983 the two countries signed a Protocol on barter trade, barter trade was carried out four times, since 1991 discontinued 1983 the two countries signed a Protocol on barter trade, barter trade was carried out four times, since 1991 discontinued .
2012, in Sao Tome and Principe and $200 million, and all the members of the Chinese export 2012, in Sao Tome and Principe and $200 million, and all the members of the Chinese export . other cooperation since 1976 and in 1985 China began to send teams to Sao Tome and Principe in Sao Tome and Principe and accept International Students other cooperation since 1976 and in 1985 China began to send teams to Sao Tome and Principe in Sao Tome and Principe and accept International Students .
from the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries to suspend diplomatic relations during the period, China has dispatched 12 batches of economic operators to position 171 of the medical team, accept the 25 students in Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe's from the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries to suspend diplomatic relations during the period, China has dispatched 12 batches of economic operators to position 171 of the medical team, accept the 25 students in Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe's . at the turn of the century, Portugal and Sao Tome and Principe's largest contributors, the two countries signed a friendship and cooperation, and trade,cultural and scientific and technological agreements at the turn of the century, Portugal and Sao Tome and Principe's largest contributors, the two countries signed a friendship and cooperation, and trade,cultural and scientific and technological agreements .
Portuguese economic operators to have sent doctors, teachers, engineers and technicians and Portuguese economic operators to have sent doctors, teachers, engineers and technicians and . in January 2006, the Portuguese helping to rehabilitate municipal buildings on the island of Principe in January 2006, the Portuguese helping to rehabilitate municipal buildings on the island of Principe .
3 months, the president traveled to Portugal, Portugal's new President 3 months, the president traveled to Portugal, Portugal's new President . 10 months in the archipelago, the Speaker, Francisco da Silva 10 months in the archipelago, the Speaker, Francisco da Silva .
traveled to Portugal in May 2007, the two countries signed a memorandum of cooperation for 2008 - 2011, said it would strengthen fiscal, customs, taxation, training, etc traveled to Portugal in May 2007, the two countries signed a memorandum of cooperation for 2008 - 2011, said it would strengthen fiscal, customs, taxation, training, etc . in February 2008, Portuguese Foreign Minister to the archipelago in February 2008, Portuguese Foreign Minister to the archipelago .
April, Prime Minister Trovoada traveled to Portugal and signed a bilateral cooperation GATT April, Prime Minister Trovoada traveled to Portugal and signed a bilateral cooperation GATT . 7 month,Prime Minister meet with japan's finance minister of Portugal, the two countries also signed a pardon for the Portuguese government bilateral debt and $35 million to 50 million euros loan agreement 7 month,Prime Minister meet with japan's finance minister of Portugal, the two countries also signed a pardon for the Portuguese government bilateral debt and $35 million to 50 million euros loan agreement .
the same month, the president of Sao Tome and Principe in Lisbon to attend the Seventh Summit of the community of Portuguese - Speaking Countries (CPLP) the same month, the president of Sao Tome and Principe in Lisbon to attend the Seventh Summit of the community of Portuguese - Speaking Countries (CPLP) . in February 2009, the Prime Minister to Portugal to participate in the ruling Socialist Party and the National Congress of the Portuguese - Portugal in February 2009, the Prime Minister to Portugal to participate in the ruling Socialist Party and the National Congress of the Portuguese - Portugal .
that re - export, finance of Sao Tome and Principe that re - export, finance of Sao Tome and Principe . 3 months, the Portuguese Minister of the Interior of Sao Tome and Principe, signed by both parties of the two countries in strengthening the internal security aspects of the Protocol 3 months, the Portuguese Minister of the Interior of Sao Tome and Principe, signed by both parties of the two countries in strengthening the internal security aspects of the Protocol .
7 months, the European Union (EU) foreign ministers and finance ministers in Sao Tome, both sides signed an economic cooperation agreement,To determine the Sao Tome and Principe Dobra currency with the euro fixed exchange mechanism in preparation for the 10 months 7 months, the European Union (EU) foreign ministers and finance ministers in Sao Tome, both sides signed an economic cooperation agreement,To determine the Sao Tome and Principe Dobra currency with the euro fixed exchange mechanism in preparation for the 10 months ., , .
Prime Minister visited Portugal in February 2010, Prime Minister visited Portugal Prime Minister visited Portugal in February 2010, Prime Minister visited Portugal . / 01 / 2011, (EU) foreign ministers in Sao Tome and Principe / 01 / 2011, (EU) foreign ministers in Sao Tome and Principe .
2 month, Portuguese Secretary of State for Defence of Sao Tome and Principe, signed as part of a new military cooperation plan, the Portuguese will be in Sao Tome and Principe 70 officers training 2 month, Portuguese Secretary of State for Defence of Sao Tome and Principe, signed as part of a new military cooperation plan, the Portuguese will be in Sao Tome and Principe 70 officers training . 5 months, the Portuguese attorney - general in Sao Tome, both parties signed a judicial cooperation letter of intent for 5 months, the Portuguese attorney - general in Sao Tome, both parties signed a judicial cooperation letter of intent for .
8 months, Sao Tome's president - elect 8 months, Sao Tome's president - elect . da Costa traveled to Portugal with France, and the two countries have signed economic and cultural cooperation agreements, the parties,France is one of the major donors to da Costa traveled to Portugal with France, and the two countries have signed economic and cultural cooperation agreements, the parties,France is one of the major donors to .
Sao Tome in February 2006, France provided 500 million euros of aid Sao Tome in February 2006, France provided 500 million euros of aid . 10 months, the French ambassador to Sao Tome, Sao Tome and Principe's foreign ministers signed the agreement with the Paris Club agreed in Sao Tome and Principe by 16 years and repaid to France of the 300 million euro debt 10 months, the French ambassador to Sao Tome, Sao Tome and Principe's foreign ministers signed the agreement with the Paris Club agreed in Sao Tome and Principe by 16 years and repaid to France of the 300 million euro debt .
in February 2007, de Menezes, President of France to attend in February 2007, de Menezes, President of France to attend . france - africa summit in March 2008, France agreed to the pardon of about 760 million euros debt france - africa summit in March 2008, France agreed to the pardon of about 760 million euros debt .
April, Prime Minister Trovoada visit April, Prime Minister Trovoada visit . 10 months by a military delegation of Sao Tome and Principe 10 months by a military delegation of Sao Tome and Principe .
in February 2009, a French naval visit to Sao Tome and Principe in February 2009, a French naval visit to Sao Tome and Principe . 7 month,16 Gabon were French military instructors arrived in Sao Tome, Sao Tome and Principe as troops carried out a 16 - day intensive training 7 month,16 Gabon were French military instructors arrived in Sao Tome, Sao Tome and Principe as troops carried out a 16 - day intensive training .
2010 March, Sao Tome and Principe and Gabon 10 troops to participate in the French army by the guidance of the Central Africa subregion, the joint military exercises 2010 March, Sao Tome and Principe and Gabon 10 troops to participate in the French army by the guidance of the Central Africa subregion, the joint military exercises . 6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Menezes to France to attend 6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Menezes to France to attend .
france - africa summit in August 2012, Trovoada visiting French Prime Minister france - africa summit in August 2012, Trovoada visiting French Prime Minister . relations with the United States each year in the United States for economic operators to provide a certain number of cooperation projects in both of the same military assistance relations with the United States each year in the United States for economic operators to provide a certain number of cooperation projects in both of the same military assistance .
. In June 2006, as agreed by the Parties,U. s. military is to establish a Regional Ocean Monitoring Centre
start start . began in December 2007, the US with the rest of the country signed a 2 year Millennium Challenge Account "began planning agreement, which would use the S $8.7 million of assistance for the Government in the implementation of tax reform, privatization and development measures
in October 2009, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, U.S. President Barack Obama, congratulated the Nobel Peace Prize to the 11 months, the DoD's assistance to Sao Tome and Principe 4 11 months, the DoD's assistance to Sao Tome and Principe 4 .
radar station in April 2010, the Prime Minister's visit to the U.S. May 2012, the U.S. Africa Command, visited Sao Tome
10 months,US delegation to Sao Tome and Principe 'Sao Tome and Principe and Nigeria 10 months,US delegation to Sao Tome and Principe 'Sao Tome and Principe and Nigeria . relationship with Nigeria offshore oil field there is the issue of the delimitation of the relationship with Nigeria offshore oil field there is the issue of the delimitation of the .
2001 the two countries formally signed a contract to develop maritime Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the hybrid protocol, and in 2002 the establishment of the Joint Ministerial Commission 2001 the two countries formally signed a contract to develop maritime Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the hybrid protocol, and in 2002 the establishment of the Joint Ministerial Commission . for oil exploitation in July 2006, the two countries held a joint petroleum development, exploration and consultation on issues such as for oil exploitation in July 2006, the two countries held a joint petroleum development, exploration and consultation on issues such as .
11 months, Menezes President's participation in the Africa - Latin America summit 11 months, Menezes President's participation in the Africa - Latin America summit . May 2007, President de Menezes to trust his new May 2007, President de Menezes to trust his new .
President Yar' Adua's inauguration in July 2008,Sao Tome's Foreign Minister President Yar' Adua's inauguration in July 2008,Sao Tome's Foreign Minister . in January 2009, the president of Sao Tome and Nigeria in January 2009, the president of Sao Tome and Nigeria .
12 months, the Prime Minister to visit Nigeria 12 months, the Prime Minister to visit Nigeria . in September 2010, Prime Minister Trovoada in September 2010, Prime Minister Trovoada .
visit Nepal in May 2011, the president of Sao Tome and Principe attended the swearing - in ceremony of President Goodluck Jonathan and cooperation relationship with other African countries of Angola, Mozambique, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde, and Portuguese - speaking countries, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and other neighbours were close visit Nepal in May 2011, the president of Sao Tome and Principe attended the swearing - in ceremony of President Goodluck Jonathan and cooperation relationship with other African countries of Angola, Mozambique, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde, and Portuguese - speaking countries, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and other neighbours were close . in July 2006, Prime Minister of Guinea - Bissau, held in April and the Portuguese - speaking African countries in September summit in July 2006, Prime Minister of Guinea - Bissau, held in April and the Portuguese - speaking African countries in September summit .
,Angola's deputy defence minister, was an invited participant in Sao Tome and Principe Jianjun ,Angola's deputy defence minister, was an invited participant in Sao Tome and Principe Jianjun . 30 anniversary celebrations in May 2007, Equatorial Guinea's president of Sao Tome and Principe 30 anniversary celebrations in May 2007, Equatorial Guinea's president of Sao Tome and Principe .
July, Prime Minister of Ghana, went to attend the AU summit July, Prime Minister of Ghana, went to attend the AU summit . 8 months, a presidential visit to the Republic of the Congo and Gabon 8 months, a presidential visit to the Republic of the Congo and Gabon .
in March 2008, Prime Minister Trovoada visited Equatorial Guinea in March 2008, Prime Minister Trovoada visited Equatorial Guinea . the same month, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe the same month, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe .
7 months and 11 months, Prime Minister Jean - Claude Blanc and Foreign Minister visited Angola 7 months and 11 months, Prime Minister Jean - Claude Blanc and Foreign Minister visited Angola . 10 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Equatorial Guinea was invited to attend the independence ceremony 11 - month 10 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Equatorial Guinea was invited to attend the independence ceremony 11 - month .
,Sao Tome's president to attend in the Angolan capital of the Gulf of Guinea Commission held the Second Summit of Heads of State and Government ,Sao Tome's president to attend in the Angolan capital of the Gulf of Guinea Commission held the Second Summit of Heads of State and Government . in January 2009, the president of Sao Tome and Principe to Angola and Sao Tome and Principe attended former President Trovoada took up his post as executive secretary of the National Committee for the Gulf of Guinea, and Angola's president to meet in January 2009, the president of Sao Tome and Principe to Angola and Sao Tome and Principe attended former President Trovoada took up his post as executive secretary of the National Committee for the Gulf of Guinea, and Angola's president to meet .
February, Prime Minister Jean - Claude Blanc February, Prime Minister Jean - Claude Blanc . month 4 visit to Angola, the first session of the Parliament of the Community of Portuguese - speaking Countries announced Monday in convening month 4 visit to Angola, the first session of the Parliament of the Community of Portuguese - speaking Countries announced Monday in convening .
6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, to attend the funeral of President Bongo of Gabon 6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, to attend the funeral of President Bongo of Gabon . 9 month, newly elected Gabon President Ali Bongo of Gabon Sao Tome and Principe 9 month, newly elected Gabon President Ali Bongo of Gabon Sao Tome and Principe .
in August 2010.Gabon's president to attend the 50th anniversary celebrations September, Prime Minister of Gabon, Trovoada visited September, Prime Minister of Gabon, Trovoada visited .
in April 2010, Prime Minister of Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Principe, signed by both parties relating to the establishment of sea routes and education training in April 2010, Prime Minister of Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Principe, signed by both parties relating to the establishment of sea routes and education training . two cooperation agreements in March 2011, the countries of the Economic Community of Central African States Meeting of Ministers of Defence held in Sao Tome and Principe two cooperation agreements in March 2011, the countries of the Economic Community of Central African States Meeting of Ministers of Defence held in Sao Tome and Principe .
April, Prime Minister of Gabon, Trovoada visited Angola and April, Prime Minister of Gabon, Trovoada visited Angola and . May, Prime Minister of Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe May, Prime Minister of Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe .
6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Equatorial Guinea, went to attend the AU summit 6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Equatorial Guinea, went to attend the AU summit . in August 2011 and January 2012,Sao Tome's president - elect in August 2011 and January 2012,Sao Tome's president - elect .
da Costa visited Angola in March 2012, da Costa said that a presidential visit to Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe's prime minister visited Tunisia da Costa visited Angola in March 2012, da Costa said that a presidential visit to Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe's prime minister visited Tunisia . 5 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, South Africa visit 5 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, South Africa visit .
6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Angola, Sao Tome's president to attend Rio + 20 Summit 6 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, Angola, Sao Tome's president to attend Rio + 20 Summit . 10 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, access to the Republic of the Congo, the Prime Minister will visit Germany 10 months, the president of Sao Tome and Principe, access to the Republic of the Congo, the Prime Minister will visit Germany .
Economic
Institutional
The United Nations announced the world's least developed countries is The United Nations announced the world's least developed countries is . to grow cocoa and other crops mainly agrarian to grow cocoa and other crops mainly agrarian .
practiced a post - independence to the state - dominated economic policy practiced a post - independence to the state - dominated economic policy . 1985 began to liberalise its economy and 1985 began to liberalise its economy and .
1987 economic restructuring plan 1987 economic restructuring plan . 1985 - 1995 the economy grew at an annualized rate of 1% 1985 - 1995 the economy grew at an annualized rate of 1% .
in the late 1990s the economy better and my in the late 1990s the economy better and my . in April 2000, Sao Tome and Principe and with the International Monetary Fund debt reduction and economic growth ", and" Priority Action Plan 2000 - 2003 and 2000 - 2005 mid - term development strategy ",reduce tariffs, free trade and investment regulations modifying the series of measures to attract foreign investment, promote economic development in April 2000, Sao Tome and Principe and with the International Monetary Fund debt reduction and economic growth ", and" Priority Action Plan 2000 - 2003 and 2000 - 2005 mid - term development strategy ",reduce tariffs, free trade and investment regulations modifying the series of measures to attract foreign investment, promote economic development .
- cession of 2001 - 2005 economic growth rate of 3 - 5% - cession of 2001 - 2005 economic growth rate of 3 - 5% . 2005, Sao Tome and Principe's Government to continue to implement the restructuring plan, through the implementation of tax reforms, encourage private sector development initiatives, efforts to maintain macroeconomic stability 2005, Sao Tome and Principe's Government to continue to implement the restructuring plan, through the implementation of tax reforms, encourage private sector development initiatives, efforts to maintain macroeconomic stability .
2 months, the Sao Tome - Nigeria Joint Development Authorities with the U.S. and other energy companies signed a joint development zone for the first block of the petroleum - sharing contract, to Sao Tome 4920, a signing bonus of $ It is part of the country's first oil acquisition in 2012 of $ It is part of the country's first oil acquisition in 2012 of $.
,Sao Tome and Principe's basic political situation is stable, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, EU and Portugal economic operators to provide certain assistance ,Sao Tome and Principe's basic political situation is stable, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, EU and Portugal economic operators to provide certain assistance .
Total Amount
In 2014, Sao Tome and Principe's economy is mainly as follows: gross domestic product (GDP): US $369 million and the per - capita GDP: $1864 about GDP growth rate: 4.1% rate of inflation: 13% of the average annual exchange rate (2010): US $1 = 19641 dobra
Industrial
only ceramic, tile, beverage, wood work, garment, printing, car repairs and other small factories only ceramic, tile, beverage, wood work, garment, printing, car repairs and other small factories . and two additional hydroelectric and thermal plants with a and two additional hydroelectric and thermal plants with a .
2002 industrial output accounted for 15 per cent of GDP. 85%, with manufacturing and its power was 3234, construction accounted for 6766% 2002 generation 3150. 38 kWh, wherein thermal 2544. 13 kwh hydropower 606.
25 kilowatt - hours 25 kilowatt - hours.
Agriculture
National 51% of the population engaged in agricultural production, National 51% of the population engaged in agricultural production, . arable land with an area of 8 hectares, of arable land. In 1993
8 hectares of land reform, farm output quotas 8 hectares of land reform, farm output quotas . food autonomy, food imports accounted for 17 percent of food autonomy, food imports accounted for 17 percent of .
main cash crops are cocoa, copra, coffee, palm kernel, etc., wherein the cocoa in GDP has more than 20%, with an annual export of 3500 - 4000 tons of cocoa, accounting for 77 per cent of the total exports, of which 90% of Belgian exports, 10 percent in France and Switzerland, 2010 Sao Tome cocoa exports of $5.6 millionAgricultural exports accounted for 94 per cent of cocoa exports 2011
$ $. 530 530.
Tourism
The unique geographical location, graceful natural sights and the archipelago's rich tourism resources, but the inconvenient traffic and poor infrastructure has affected tourism development since the 1990s The unique geographical location, graceful natural sights and the archipelago's rich tourism resources, but the inconvenient traffic and poor infrastructure has affected tourism development since the 1990s . tourism facilities greatly improving tourism facilities greatly improving .
in February 2004, Parliament approved the government proposal to permit casinos in Sao Tome and Principe in February 2004, Parliament approved the government proposal to permit casinos in Sao Tome and Principe . 2005 national hotel a total of seven, with about 500 beds, tourism receipts of about $13.4 million
tourists mainly from Portugal and Angola tourists mainly from Portugal and Angola .
Finance
In 2002 the fiscal revenue of 1696. 15 million, total expenditure 3409. $950,000 deficit 1713. $8 in 2007, won the International Monetary Fund, the Paris Club; and debt and external debt from $300 - million drop to about $80 million, the financial situation to improve in the 2014 $8 in 2007, won the International Monetary Fund, the Paris Club; and debt and external debt from $300 - million drop to about $80 million, the financial situation to improve in the 2014 .
. reserves circa USD62.5 million
Foreign Trade
Main export products are cocoa, coffee, copra, palm kernel, etc Main export products are cocoa, coffee, copra, palm kernel, etc . the main imported food, fuel, industrial products and consumer goods the main imported food, fuel, industrial products and consumer goods .
major trading partners are the United States, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Angola etc.
Foreign Assistance
Sao Tome is the world of aid per capita than any other one of the largest providers of, 90% of development funds Sao Tome is the world of aid per capita than any other one of the largest providers of, 90% of development funds . mainly relies on foreign aid assistance to countries and regions and international bodies to Portugal, France, the United States, Germany, Japan, as well as the African Development Bank, the European Union, the United Nations Development Programme and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the like mainly relies on foreign aid assistance to countries and regions and international bodies to Portugal, France, the United States, Germany, Japan, as well as the African Development Bank, the European Union, the United Nations Development Programme and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the like .
in December 2004, the World Bank and the signing of the agreement to fund social projects" over the next five years and provide $6.5 million to basic education and primary health level in August 2005, the International Monetary Fund that it had approved a new "poverty reduction and economic growth plans"In the next three years will provide a total of $4.3 million funding for the organization of the People "s Republic of China on Enterprises with Foreign Investment and
concluded in March 2006 on the status of implementation of the plan for the first evaluation in 2006 of aid concluded in March 2006 on the status of implementation of the plan for the first evaluation in 2006 of aid . 2219. 78
dobras in March 2007, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund's decision to pardon the 3. 6 billion in debt, 5 January, the Paris Club's decision to pardon the debt of $26 5 January, the Paris Club's decision to pardon the debt of $26 .
7 months, a government - backed organization in Sao Tome and Principe and 500 million euros into the industry through the 7 months, a government - backed organization in Sao Tome and Principe and 500 million euros into the industry through the . 8 months,Germany has agreed to a pardon for the 462 million euro debt 8 months,Germany has agreed to a pardon for the 462 million euro debt .
Angola agreed to pardon a debt of $2200 Angola agreed to pardon a debt of $2200 . Portugal agreed to pardon a debt of $1000 Portugal agreed to pardon a debt of $1000 .
9 months, the U.S. government for economic operators to provide $8 million in assistance to help them solve financial problems in July 2008, Portugal agreed to the pardon of the debt and $35 million to 50 million euros loan in July 2008, Portugal agreed to the pardon of the debt and $35 million to 50 million euros loan .
2009 January, five months, the Government of Nigeria decided to Sao Tome and Principe, respectively with 30 million and $10 million in interest - free loan 2009 January, five months, the Government of Nigeria decided to Sao Tome and Principe, respectively with 30 million and $10 million in interest - free loan . 2 months,EU to Sao Tome as 2 months,EU to Sao Tome as .
1380 million Euros from the same month, Sao Tome and Principe and Portugal and signed with the Portuguese economic operators to provide 50 million euros loan agreement for 1380 million Euros from the same month, Sao Tome and Principe and Portugal and signed with the Portuguese economic operators to provide 50 million euros loan agreement for . 3 months, the Bank approved economic operators to provide 3 months, the Bank approved economic operators to provide .
360 million in contributions, the Institute agreed with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), funded by the Government of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe US $3.8 million in economic projects in 2010 6 months, the EU and Sao Tome and Principe has signed a total of 15 million euros of aid agreement 6 months, the EU and Sao Tome and Principe has signed a total of 15 million euros of aid agreement .
2011, Algeria a pardon for a debt of $350 2011, Algeria a pardon for a debt of $350 . 3 months, the World Bank to provide $4.2 million in budget support
4 months,Gabon Sao Tome and Principe $500 budget support 4 months,Gabon Sao Tome and Principe $500 budget support . 5 months, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe US $30 million budget support for 5 months, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe US $30 million budget support for .
6 months, financed by the Bank of Sao Tome and Principe US $3 million to improve security conditions for the international airport and a national census that 6 months, financed by the Bank of Sao Tome and Principe US $3 million to improve security conditions for the international airport and a national census that . to 760 million euro loan for road reconstruction to 760 million euro loan for road reconstruction .
8 month, Brazilian exports to Sao Tome as census 8 month, Brazilian exports to Sao Tome as census . 88 million for February 2012, the Japanese economic operators to provide EUR 240 million of food aid, financed by the EU to Sao Tome and Principe 200 million euros for the construction of the four water supply station for 88 million for February 2012, the Japanese economic operators to provide EUR 240 million of food aid, financed by the EU to Sao Tome and Principe 200 million euros for the construction of the four water supply station for .
3 months,The World Bank provided $4.2 million in financial assistance ADB provided $8 million for poverty reduction projects ADB provided $8 million for poverty reduction projects .
Russia a pardon for the 400 million euro debt Russia a pardon for the 400 million euro debt . 9 months, the International Monetary Fund to provide financial support for 9 months, the International Monetary Fund to provide financial support for .
$300 $300.
Social
Minsheng
In the early 21st century, the continued depreciation of the Sao Tome currency, rising prices, the proportion of the population living below the poverty line has exceeded 50 per cent, 15 per cent of them living in absolute poverty and In the early 21st century, the continued depreciation of the Sao Tome currency, rising prices, the proportion of the population living below the poverty line has exceeded 50 per cent, 15 per cent of them living in absolute poverty and . 2002 workers the minimum monthly wage of $28 2002 workers the minimum monthly wage of $28 .
There are 3 hospitals, 6 maternity hospitals, three general clinic, a mother and child health centre and a national health education center There are 3 hospitals, 6 maternity hospitals, three general clinic, a mother and child health centre and a national health education center . 218 a total of medical personnel, among them 76 doctors beds in 580 Zhang 218 a total of medical personnel, among them 76 doctors beds in 580 Zhang .
2002 population birth rate is about 35. 3 per thousand, mortality rate, life expectancy of 69 years,Africa is one of the struldbrugs, Sao Tome and Principe (1990) found the first case of AIDS was man, by the end of 2006, Sao Tome and Principe's AIDS patients and virus carriers up to 9,000 people in total, 6% Sao Tome and Principe (1990) found the first case of AIDS was man, by the end of 2006, Sao Tome and Principe's AIDS patients and virus carriers up to 9,000 people in total, 6% .
Education
national education, elementary and secondary education free of charge throughout the country were 85 schools national education, elementary and secondary education free of charge throughout the country were 85 schools . .
2002 37562 students in total, of which human pupils 23760 2002 37562 students in total, of which human pupils 23760 . government pays attention to teacher training, and hired the Portuguese, and English teachers in secondary schools to coach government pays attention to teacher training, and hired the Portuguese, and English teachers in secondary schools to coach .
Furthermore, who also send students to study abroad have Furthermore, who also send students to study abroad have . National Library six, 1 collection of 2394,000 books; Archives and Museum and one each on the National Library six, 1 collection of 2394,000 books; Archives and Museum and one each on the .
2003 illiterate population at 17% 2003 illiterate population at 17% . 2 June 2004, Sao Tome and Principe on the reform of the education system, compulsory primary education, by 4 to 6 years, students registered 80,000 people 2 June 2004, Sao Tome and Principe on the reform of the education system, compulsory primary education, by 4 to 6 years, students registered 80,000 people .
2005,Sao Tome and Principe's illiteracy rate is 15. 1%, the rate of school enrolment was 97% 2006, Portugal's Ada University in Sao Tome and set at 2006, Portugal's Ada University in Sao Tome and set at .
The Media
Social news the Directorate - General for national competent authorities Social news the Directorate - General for national competent authorities . major newspaper "Izvestia" and "Daily Republic", with a circulation of around 800 in all parts of major newspaper "Izvestia" and "Daily Republic", with a circulation of around 800 in all parts of .
is in addition to the "Tribune", "window", "The Idiot" as is in addition to the "Tribune", "window", "The Idiot" as . national radio and television programs of each company and Sao Tome and Principe national radio and television programs of each company and Sao Tome and Principe .
news agency in April 2000, built by the Portuguese autonomous region of Principe station formally launched news agency in April 2000, built by the Portuguese autonomous region of Principe station formally launched . daily radio broadcast by Portuguese television 17 hours daily radio broadcast by Portuguese television 17 hours .
. went on the air since 1982, and Radio France International and Voice of America in Sao Tome and Principe has went on the air since 1982, and Radio France International and Voice of America in Sao Tome and Principe has .
transit point in November 2007,France's TV5 Monde - took to the airwaves Monday in an transit point in November 2007,France's TV5 Monde - took to the airwaves Monday in an .
Festival
Independence: 12 July annual Army Day every year on 6 September.
