編輯推薦
工作節奏日益加快，越來越多的系統分析員被要求迅速設計並部署系統，學習如何管理系統開發生命期便成為他們最迫切的願望。《國外經典教材·計算機科學與技術：系統分析與設計基礎（第4版）》全面概述了這一期間的4個步驟：規劃與選擇、分析、設計、實現與運行。
《國外經典教材·計算機科學與技術：系統分析與設計基礎（第4版）》針對來自不同行業的三個公司（松谷家具公司、Hossier Burger快餐店和百老匯娛樂公司），提供了相應的案例。通過將系統分析與設計概念套用於具體案例，讀者可進一步理解和掌握所學知識。
內容簡介
《國外經典教材·計算機科學與技術：系統分析與設計基礎（第4版）》遵照系統開發生命期（SDLC）的邏輯順序，詳細而清晰地介紹了系統分析與設計的概念、原理、技能和方法。全書有10章和兩個附錄，先後介紹了系統開發環境、信息項目管理、系統規劃和選擇、系統需求確定、系統需求結構化（過程建模和概念數據建模）、選擇最佳設計策略、人機界面設計、資料庫設計、系統實現和運行、面向對象分析設計、快速套用開發等。
《國外經典教材·計算機科學與技術：系統分析與設計基礎（第4版）》可作為系統分析與設計課程的入門教材，供計算機和信息專業本科生使用，也可供IS從業人員參考。
作者簡介
Joseph S.Valacich博士，美國信息系統領域的權威人士，普爾曼市華盛頓州州立大學經貿學院教授，曾負責策劃IS’97、IS 2002和MSIS 2000。擔任過程式設計師、系統分析員和技術產品經理，並為國際知名企業執行培訓和行政發展計畫。Valacich博士在信息系統類刊物上發表過大量論文。他參與編寫了經典教材《現代系統分析與設計》。
目錄
第Ⅰ部分 系統開發基礎
第1章 系統開發環境
第2章 軟體來源
第3章 信息系統項目的管理
第Ⅱ部分 系統規劃和選擇
第4章 系統規劃和選擇
第Ⅲ部分 系統分析
第5章 確定系統需求
第6章 系統需求結構化：過程建模
第7章 系統需求結構化：概念數據建模
第Ⅳ部分 系統設計
第8章 設計人機界面
第9章 資料庫設計
第Ⅴ部分 系統實現與運行
第10章 系統實現與運行
附 錄
附錄A 面向對象分析與設計
附錄B 敏捷方法
縮略語表
術語表
PART I FOUNDATIONS FOR SySTEMS DEyELOPMENT 2
Chaoter 1 The Systems Develooment Environment 2
pier 1 The Syst6ms Development Environment 2
What is information Systems Analysis and Design? 4
ystems Analysis and Design? 4
qxTStems AnallTRis and Design: Core Concepts 4
ovstems Analysis and Design: Core Concepts 4
:items Analysis and Design: Core Concepts 4
qxTStems 6
systems 6
ystems 6
Definition of a System and its Pats 6
Important System Concepts 7
A Modern APproach to Systems Analysis and Design 10
YOur Role in Systems Development 11
bees of information Systems and Systems Development 12
Jpes of information Systems and Systems Development 12
m
fransaction Processing Systems 13
Management information Systems 13
Decision Support Systems 14
Information Systems: An Ovetwew 14
Developing information Systems and the Systems
Development Life Cycle 15
Phase 1: Systems Planning and Selection 17
J items Planning and Selection 17
Phase 2: Systems Analysis 17
Phase 3: Systems Design 18
Phase 4: SVstems ImDlementation and ODeration 18
totems Implementation and Operation 18
APproaches to Development 20
Prototyping 21
yping 21
Computer-Assisted Software Engineering (CASE) TOols 21
Joint APplication Design 22
Rapid APplication Development 22
Paticipatory Design 23
Agile Methodologies 24
Key POintS Review 24
y POintS Review 24
Key Terms ChechDoint 25
y rerms Checkpoint 25
Review Questions 26
Problems and Exercises 27
Discussion Questions 27
Case Problems 27
Chapter 2 The Sources ot Sohaare 30
pier 2 The Sources of Sohaare 30
Introduction 31
al,
systems Acquisition 32
Outsourcing 32
q r Q fflxTovo ac
sources of Software 33
Choosing Off-the-Shelf Software 37
...
Reuse 41 ill
.
IV ContentS
KeY Points Review 44
y Points Review 44
Key Terms CheckDOint 44
y rerms Checkpoint 44
Review Questions 45
Problems and Exercises 45
Field Exercises 45
Chapter 3 Managing the information Systems Protect 46
@Pine Valley Thmiture Company Background 48
Managing the information Systems Project 49
Initiating the Project 53
Planning the Project 57
Executing the Project 64
Closing Down the Project 67
Representing and Scheduling Project Plans 68
Representing Project Plans 70
Calculating Expected acme Durations Using PERT 70
M 'j Constructing a Gantt Chat and Network Diagram at
,
h:.
aam 1 'J.. - -.. )
t:::;:~-~/ Pine Valley Thmiture 71
'
J rlirniture 71
Using Project Management Software 74
Establishing a Project Stating Date 75
Entering Tasks and Assigning Task Relationships 75
q feeting o q h luting Method to Review
selecting a Scheduling Method to Review
Project Reports 76
Key Points Review 77
y Points Review 77
Key Terms ChecKpoint 78
y rerms Checkpoint 78
Review Questions 79
...
Problems and Exercises 79
Discussion Questions 81
Case Problems 82
W
ContentS v
Assessing Other Feasibility Concerns 108
Building the Baseline Project Plan 109
g the Baseline Project Plan 109
Poldolltind ah P
r: reviewing the Baseline Project Plan 115
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::,t;;;:;;;; / PVF WebStore: SyStems Planning and Selection 118
: ..:::.--~/ PVF WebStore: SyStems Planning and Selection 118
Internet Basics 118
Pine Valley Furniture WebStore 120
Key Points Review 1 23
y Points Review 123
Key Terms CheckDOint 124
y rerms Checkpoint 124
Review Questions 125
Problems and Exercises 126
Discussion Questions 127
Case Problems 127
- ta'M=tearZ:;ce,
d U a Web-Based Customer
.
Relationship Management System 1 29
PART III SySTEMS ANA[YSIS 134
Chapter 5 Determining System RequirementS 134
Performing Requiremellts Determination 136
ml n, o n
she Process of Determining Requiremellts 136
Deliverables and Outcomes 137
Requirements Structuring 138
wodifional Methods for Determining P. *s 138
IYaditional Methods for Determining Requirements 138
Intetwewing and Listening 138
Directly Obsetheg Users 143
Analyzing Procedures and Other Documents 144
Modern Methods for Determining System
Requirements 147
Joint APplication Design 148
Using Prototyping During Requirements
Determination 151
Radical Methods for Determining System Reqlliremellts 152
Identbog Processes to Reengineer 153
Jmg Processes to Reengineer 153
r: DisruDtive Technologies 154
% i ~'CZM,:.. Requirements 155
::,t;;;:;;;; / PVF WebStore: Determining System Requirements 155
: ..:::.--~/ g System Requirements 155
qtTStem Layout and Navigation Characteristics 155
system Layout and Navigation Characteristics 155
WebStore and Site Management System Capabilities 156
Customer and inventory information 157
qxTStem Prototim evolution 157
ovstem Protoboe Evolution 157
J item Prototype Evolution 157
KeY Points Review 158
y Points Review 158
Key Terms Checkooint 159
y rerms Checkpoint 159
Review Questions 160
.
Problems and Exercises 160
Discussion Questions 160
.
yi COntentS
..
Case Problems 161
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Determininq,.a j=:7::[MD?sx6Sed
d Requirements for the Web-Based
Customer Relationship Management System 162
Chapter 6 Structuring System Requirements: Process Modeling 166
Process Modeling 168
Modeling a System's Process 168
Deliverables and Olltcomes 168
Data-Flow Diagramming Mechanics 169
Definitions and Symbols 170
Developing DFDs: An Ex~le 172
DatwFlow Diagramming Rules 175
Decomposition of DFDs 176
Balancing DFDs 178
Using Data-Flow Diagr~ming in the Analysis Process 180
Guidelines for Drawing DFDs 180
Using DFDs as Analysis TOols 182
Using DFDs in Business Process Reengineering 183
Logic Modeling 185
Modeling LoZic with Decision Tables 186
r IAodeling Logic with Decision Tables 186
o Logic with Decision Tables 186
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t
.:::.,if;f:t;;t ) PVF WebStore: Process Modeling 189
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Process Modeling for Pine Valley Furniture's WebStore 189
Key Points Review 191
y Points Review 191
Key Terms CnecKDoint 1 92
y rerms Checkpoint 192
Review Questions 193
...
Problems and Exercises 193
Discussion Questions 198
Case Problems 198
.
-Case f Broadway Ent6rtoinment Company, Inc.
Process Modelina for the Web-Based Customer
u ror the Web-Based Customer
..
Relationship Management System 200
Chapter 7 Structoring System RequirementS: ConceptUal Dato
Medelina 204
9 204
Conceptllal Data Modeling 206
The Process of Conceptual Data Modeling 207
Deliverables and Outcomes 207
Gathering information for Conceptual Data Modeling 211
Introduction to Entity-RelationshiP Modeling 213
Entities 213
Attributes 215
Candidate Keys and ldefltifiers 215
Multivalued Attributes 216
Relationships 217
Contents Vii
Conceptual Data Modeling and the E-R Model 217
Degree of a RelationshiP 218
Cardinalities in Relationships 219
1 M: An~,7,"" Data Modeling at
c.r;. HoosierBurger 222
% 1 ~ .,,,ore=.zzz.,.. DataModeling 225
::.,t;;;:;;;; ) PVF WebStore: Conceptual Data Modeling 225
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Conceptual Data Modeling for Pine Valley Furniture's
WebStore 225
q I rind the Best Alternative Designs aam
selecting the Best Alternative Design Strategy 229
The Process of Selecting the Best Alternative
Design Strategy 229
Generating Alternative Design Strategies 230
n.
1 M: De;eM Burier's
y Uontrol System 232
q lectinQ the Most LikellT Aft
oelecting the Most Likely Alternative 234
Key Points Review 236
y Points Review 236
Key Terms Checkpoint 237
y rerms Checkpoint 237
Review Questions 238
..'
Problems and Exercises 238
Discussion Questions 241
Case Problems 241
-Case f Broadway Entertainment Company, Inc.
r~-~~~.. .~I ry~'~ ^^~J~I:~~ f~- 'L~ \^I~L~Q~-~J
Lonceptual Data Modeling for the Web-Based
pinal Data Modeling for the Web-Based
Customer Relationship Management System 245
p Management System 245
PART IV SySTEMS DESIGN 248
Chapter & Designing the Human Inteboce 248
pier & Designing the Human Inteboce 248
Designing Forms and Reports 250
The Process of Designing Forms and Reports 250
Deliverables and Outcomes 253
Formatting Forms and Reports 254
Designing interfaces and Dialogues 262
The Process of Designing interfaces and Dialogues 262
Deliverables and Outcomes 262
Designing interfaces 263
nesigning Dialogues 273
r: IJesiqninq Dialogues 273
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) Pc WPhstrirp. nPRianinq thp 1lllman intpfforP ?77
::,t;;;:;;;; ) PVF WebStore: Designing the Human interface 277
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General Guidelines for Designing Web interfaces 277
General Guidelines for Web Layouts 278
Designing the Human interface at Pine Valley ~itllre 279
Menu-Driven Navigation with Cookie C~bs 280
Lightweight Graphics 280
Forms and Data integrity 281
m 1, aam 3 IJmx AT co 1 f
Yemplate-BaSed HTML 281 ti'
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vill COntentS
Key Points Review 281
y Points Review 281
Key Terms Checkpoint 282
y rerms Checkpoint 282
Review Questions 283
...
Problems and Exercises 283
Discussion Questions 284
Case Problems 284
W C,Se=,,,e:T.="=t?nfom.,
Ueslaninq the;xu="= t?ntom.,
uning the Human interface for the Customer
..
Relationship Management System 286
p Management System 286
Chapter 9 Designing Datobases 290
Database Design 292
The Process of Database Design 292
Deliverables and Outcomes 294
Relstional Database Model 297
Well-Stfuctllred Relations 298
Normalization 299
Rules of Normalization 299
Auctional Dependence and Primacy Keys 300
R I Normal Form 300
second Normal Form 300
Third NOrmal FOrm 301
lhird Normal Form 301
Transforming E-R Diagrams into Relations 302
Represellt Entities 303
Represent Relationships 304
q.,mrnorir of Transforming E-R Diagr~s to
Durnmny of Transforming E-R Diagr~s to
Relations 306
Merging Relations 307
An Ex~le of Merging Relations 307
View llltegration Problems 308
Logical Database Design for Hoosier Burger 309
Physical ale and Database Design 311
Designing fields 312
Choosing Data bees 312
Controlling Data hitegrity 314
Designing Physical Tables 315
~ging Table Rows 317
Designing Controls for Flies 321
de oh'rsical Database Design for Hoosier Burger 323
ac PhxTSical Database Design for Hoosier Burger 323
ed: Physical Database Design for Hoosier Burger 323
po: = Physical Database Design for Hoosier Burger 323
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J J,
ac EVe' WeDbtore: ueSlgnmg uaraoaSes o6o
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t
.::.:,:.,if;fft;;t ) n.. n' I c fi T7a,l Furniture's
: .:::--~' Designing DatabaSes for Pine Valley Furniture's
WebStore 325
Key Points Review 327
y Points Review 327
Key Terms ChecKDoint 329
y rerms Checkpoint 329
Review Questions 330
.
Problems and Exercises 331
Discussion Questions 332
ContentS ix
Case Problems 333
-Case: Broadway Ent6rtoinment Company, Inc.
Designing the Relational Database for the
Customer Relationship Management System 334
PART V SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION 336
Chapter 10 SyStems Implementohon and Operation 336
qxTRtoms Imnl *of i l'
ovstems ImDlementation and ODeration 338
J items Implementation and Operation 338
Tab Pace r C liar Tabs
l'he Processes of Coding, Testing, and installation 339
Deliverables and Outcomes from Coding, Testing, and
Installation 339
The Processes of Documellting the System, Training Users,
aam I R,lnvi
and Supporting Users 340
pporting Users 340
Deliverables and Outcomes from Documenting the System,
Training Users, and Supporting Users 340
Th Pvriness of Mailltaininq Tabs fi
the Process of Mailltaining information Systems 341
Deliverables and Outcomes from Maintaining
Information Systems 342
q e'xTare Anrili
ooftware APplication Testing 343
q riirorent aams of Tests 343
seven Different bees of Tests 343
The Testing Process 345
Acceptance Testing by Users 347
Installation 348
Planning installation 348
Documenting the System 351
User Documelltation 352
Preparing User Documentation 354
Training and Supporting Users 354
Training information System Users 354
q.,vinortinq Tab
supporting information System Users 356
q.,rinort Issues for the AnallTRf tri Consider 358
support Issues for the Analyst to Consider 358
Why ImDlementation Sometimes Fails 359
y Implementation Sometimes Fails 359
Project Closedown 360
Conducting Systems Mailltenance 361
vim r A'oivifoviri
laaes of Maintenance 361
apes of Maintenance 361
Th
l'he Cost of Maintenance 362
Measuring Mailltenance Effectiveness 363
Controlling Maintenance Requests 364
Configufation Management 365
Role of Automated Development Tools in
Maintenance 366
TIT, q:. - x.
'XT L q:+ A4..
@ 'Mg~.Z.....van..~ 367
c, 4; 9
% \ PVF WebStore: Systems Implementation and Operation 369
m:.:,:.,t;;;f;;;; /
: ':::--~' Systems Implementation and ODeration for Pine Valley
ystems Implementation and Operation for Pine Valley
Furniture's WebStore 369
X ContentS
Key Points Review 371
y Points Review 371
Key Terms Checlpoint 373
y rerms Checkpoint 373
Review Questions 374
.. I
Problems and Exercises 375
Discussion Questions 375
.
Case Problems 376
.
We 5:::MZneant,7o?1:;te inc
Ueslanina a .:neont'7o?1:;= Inc
uning a resting Plan for the Customer
..
Relationship Manaqement System 377
p Management System 377
Appendix A Obiect-Oriented Analysis and Design 380
ppendix A Obiect-Oriented Analysis and Design 380
The Object-Oriented Modeling APproach 380
Use-Case Modeling 381
Object Modeling: Class Diagrams 384
Represellting Associations 385
Represellting Generalization 387
Representing Aggregation 389
Dynamic Modeling: State Diagrams 390
Dynamic Modeling: Sequence Diagrams 391
Designing a Use Case with a Sequence Diagram 393
Moving to Design 394
Key POints Review 395
y POints Review 395
KeV Terms Checkpoint 396
y rerms Checkpoint 396
Review Questions 397
.. I
Problems and Exercises 397
Appendix B Agile MethodolOgies 399
The Trend to Agile Methodologies 399
Agile Methodologies 400
1 1
eXtreme Programming 402
The Heat of the Systems Developmellt Process 403
Requiremellts Determination 404
Design SPecifications 407
Implemelltation 409
Key POints Review 409
y POints Review 409
Key Terms Checkpoint 410
y rerms Checkpoint 410
Review Questions 410
...
Problems and Exercises 410
References 411
Glossary of Acronyms 416
Glossary of Terms 418
y of Terms 418
Index 423
PhotO Credits 433
