簡介
中國大學生物理學術競賽（China Undergraduate Physicists’ Tournament，簡稱CUPT），是中國借鑑國際青年物理學家錦標賽（International Young Physicists’ Tournament，簡稱IYPT）的模式創辦的國內全國性賽事，該項活動得到了教育部的支持，是實踐國家教育中長期發展規劃綱要的重要大學生創新競賽活動之一。CUPT以漢語為工作語言，由國內高校組織實施、大學本科生參與，是一項以團隊辯論和對抗為形式的物理競賽。它以培養參賽者的創新意識、創新能力、協作精神和實踐能力為根本理念。學生們根據給定的開放性物理問題的進行研究。與問題相關的基本知識、實驗方案都要靠參賽者查找和設計，就解決給定開放性物理問題的基本知識、理論分析、實驗方案、結果討論等進行辯論。競賽擺脫應試教育的模式，體現知識學習與探索實踐相結合，物理學與日常生活相結合，學術能力與人際交往能力相結合，個人與團隊合作相結合的理念。CUPT以其獨特的競賽模式和理念吸引了越來越多的知名高校和物理精英參與，並已成為國內具有重要影響力的大學生物理競技賽事之一。
規則
競賽流程
本項競賽以抽籤分組、團隊辯論的方式進行。賽前通過抽籤分組（以十五支隊伍為例），每支隊伍參加五輪對抗賽，每輪對抗賽由三支隊伍參加。抽籤過程中要避免兩隊重複相遇。最後，依據各隊五輪對抗賽的總成績進行排名和評獎。
每一輪對抗賽分為三個階段，三支參賽隊在不同的階段扮演三種不同角色，即：正方、反方和評論方,進行三個階段的比賽。每一輪對抗賽中角色的轉換順序如下：
| ​ | 隊1 | 隊2 | 隊3 |
| 1階段 | Rep（正） | Opp（反） | Rev（評） |
| 2階段 | Rev（評） | Rep（正） | Opp（反） |
| 3階段 | Opp（反） | Rev（評） | Rep（正） |
| 流程 | 限時（分鐘） |
| 反方向正方提出挑戰競賽題目 | 1 |
| 正方接受或拒絕反方挑戰的題目 | 1 |
| 正方準備 | 5 |
| 正方進行所選題的報告 | 12 |
| 反方向正方提問，正方回答 | 2 |
| 反方準備 | 3 |
| 反方的報告（最多五分鐘），正反方討論 | 15 |
| 評論方提問，正、反方回答 | 3 |
| 評論方準備 | 2 |
| 評論方報告 | 4 |
| 正方總結髮言 | 2 |
| 評審團提問 | 5 |
| 總計 | 55 |
正方就某一問題做陳述時，要求重點突出，包括實驗設計、實驗結果、理論分析以及討論和結論等。反方就正方陳述中的弱點或者謬誤提出質疑，總結正方報告的優點與缺點。但是，反方的提問內容不得包括自己對問題的解答，只能討論正方的解答。評論方對正反方的陳述給出簡短評述。觀摩方不發表意見。
在每一階段的比賽中，每支隊伍都只能由一人主控報告，其他隊員只能做協助工作，主控隊員可以與本隊其他隊員交流討論,但其他隊員不能替代主控隊員進行陳述。在每一輪對抗賽中每個隊員最多只能作為主控隊員出場兩次。
作為正方，在一支隊伍的全部比賽中，每個隊員作為主控隊員進行陳述次數不能超過三次。
題目挑戰和拒絕規則
在同一輪對抗賽中，題目不能相同。反方可以向正方挑戰任何一道題目，但有以下情況除外：
A 正方在先前比賽及本輪中已經拒絕過的題目
B 正方在先前比賽及本輪中已經陳述過的題目
C 反方在先前比賽及本輪中已經拒絕過的題目
D 反方在先前比賽及本輪中已經陳述過的題目
如果可供挑戰的題目不足五道，則上述限制按照DCBA的順序予以解除。在一支隊伍的全部比賽中正方對於可供挑戰的題目，總計可以拒絕三次而不被扣分，之後每拒絕一次則從正方的加權指數中扣去0.2分。累計拒絕六次，將不計名次，不參與評獎。
評分及成績
在一輪對抗賽中，每一次階段賽過後，每位裁判就各隊承擔的角色表現打分，分數為1至10分的整數分數，裁判組的平均分數作為該階段賽的成績（角色成績），計算參賽隊的一輪比賽成績時，不同角色的加權係數不同：
正 方： × 3.0（或者少於3.0,見競賽規則）；
反 方： × 2.0 ；
評論方： × 1.0 。
各參賽隊在一輪對抗賽中的成績為各階段賽成績的加權總和，並把結果四捨五入保留一位小數。各參賽隊的總成績為該隊在所有五輪對抗賽中取得的成績總和。以參賽總成績進行排名。
評分標準
正方
| 內容 | 表達 | 討論 |
| -物理的正確性 -論據是否切題 -科學方法的正確運用 -實驗、理論及其一致性 -結論的說服力 | -思路清晰 -公式和符號的正確解釋 -正確的模型，量綱的一致性 -視頻資料（現場實驗，音頻，視頻） -表達清楚 -正確的參考文獻 | -物理的正確性 -論據是否切題 -恰當及紮實的物理知識 -客觀的辯論 -對反方異議的討論 -禮貌的態度 -對評論方的回答和總結髮言 -評審的問題和回答 |
| 分數 (0-4) | 分數 (0-2) | 分數 (0-3) |
| 機動分數 (0-1) | ​ | 總分(0-10) |
| 問題 / 表達 | 討論 |
| -提問是否離題 -物理的正確性 -表達清楚易懂 -指出正方的優缺點 | -物理的正確性 -論點是否切題 -恰當及紮實的物理知識 -禮貌的態度 -討論正方的報告內容 -正確回答評論方與評審的提問 |
| 分數(0-4) | 分數(0-5) |
| 機動分數 (0-1) | 總分 (0-10) |
| 對正方的評論 | 對反方的評論 |
| -是否切題 -指出正方在物理上及辯論中的優缺點 | -是否切題 -指出反方在物理上及辯論中的優缺點 |
| 分數(0-3) | 分數 (0-3) |
| -給出本階段賽的一個完整的評價 -討論報告中的事實並避免衝突 | |
| 分數 (0-3) | |
| 機動分數 (0-1) | 總分 (0-10) |
機動分數用來補償隊伍表現的總體印象。
總分只能給整數分。
歷史
2010年7月22日—26日，第一屆中國大學生物理學術競賽在南開大學舉行，南開大學、南京大學、浙江大學等12所高校參加了本屆競賽，許多高校派出代表對競賽進行了觀摩。
2011年8月15日—20日，第二屆中國大學生物理學術競賽在南京大學舉行，南京大學、北京大學、清華大學、南開大學、上海交通大學、浙江大學、中國科技大學等23所高校參加了本屆競賽。與首屆競賽相比，本次競賽增設了決賽環節。
2012年8月，第三屆中國大學生物理學術競賽將在北京師範大學舉行。
歷屆冠軍
第一屆：南開大學。（領隊：崔海旭；成員：陳漢、安鑫、田非、蘇昕、段瀟洋）
第二屆：國防科技大學。（北京大學、南開大學進入決賽並分獲二三名）
CUPT歌
歌曲下載：見擴展閱讀
歌詞：
CUPT CUPT
物理精英同歡聚。
實驗操作不怕難，
大膽創新齊攻關。
競爭友誼合作發展，
攜手並肩奔向前。
偉大祖國崛起快，
朝氣蓬勃向未來！
偉大祖國崛起快，
立業建功向未來！
第一屆賽題
1. Electromagnetic cannon
A solenoid can be used to fire a small ball. A capacitor is used to energize the solenoid coil. Build a device with a capacitor charged to a maximum 50V. Investigate the relevant parameters and maximize the speed of the ball.
2. Brilliant pattern
Suspend a water drop at the lower end of a vertical pipe. Illuminate the drop using a laser pointer and observe the pattern created on a screen. Study and explain the structure of the pattern.
3. steel balls
Colliding two large steel balls with a thin sheet of material (e.g. paper) in between may “burn” a hole in the sheet. Investigate this effect for various materials.
4. Soap film
Create a soap film in a circular wire loop. The soap film deforms when a charged body is placed next to it. Investigate how the shape of the soap film depends on the position and nature of the charge.
5. Grid
A plastic grid covers the open end of a cylindrical vessel containing water. The grid is covered and the vessel is turned upside down. What is the maximal size of holes in the grid so that water does not flow out when the cover is removed?
6. Ice
A wire with weights attached to each end is placed across a block of ice. The wire may pass through the ice without cutting it. Investigate the phenomenon.
7. Two flasks
Two similar flasks (one is empty, one contains water) are each connected by flexible pipes to a lower water reservoir. The flasks are heated to 100°C and this temperature is held for some time. Heating is stopped and as the flasks cool down, water is drawn up the tubes. Investigate and describe in which tube the water goes up faster and in which the final height is greater. How does this effect depend on the time of heating?
8. Liquid light guide
A transparent vessel is filled with a liquid (e.g. water). A jet flows out of the vessel. A light source is placed so that a horizontal beam enters the liquid jet (see picture). Under what conditions does the jet operate like a light guide?
9. Sticky water
When a horizontal cylinder is placed in a vertical stream of water, the stream can follow the cylinder’s circumference along the bottom and continue up the other side before it detaches. Explain this phenomenon and investigate the relevant parameters.
10. Calm surface
When wind blows across a water surface, waves can be observed. If the water is covered by an oil layer, the waves on the water surface will diminish. Investigate the phenomenon.
11. Sand
Dry sand is rather soft to walk on when compared to damp sand. However sand containing a significant amount of water becomes soft again. Investigate the parameters that affect the softness of sand.
12. Wet towels
When a wet towel is flicked, it may create a cracking sound like a whip. Investigate the effect. Why does a wet towel crack louder than a dry one?
13. Shrieking rod
A metal rod is held between two fingers and hit. Investigate how the sound produced depends on the position of holding and hitting the rod?
14. Magnetic spring
Two magnets are arranged on top of each other such that one of them is fixed and the other one can move vertically. Investigate oscillations of the magnet.
15. Paper anemometer
When thin strips of paper are placed in an air flow, a noise may be heard. Investigate how the velocity of the air flow can be deduced from this noise?
16. Rotating spring
A helical spring is rotated about one of its ends around a vertical axis. Investigate the expansion of the spring with and without an additional mass attached to its free end.
17. Kelvin’s dropper
Construct Kelvin’s dropper. Measure the highest voltage it can produce. Investigate its dependence on relevant parameters.
第二屆賽題
1. Adhesive tape
Determine the force necessary to remove a piece of adhesive tape from a horizontal surface. Investigate the influence of relevant parameters.
2. Air drying
Table utensils (dishes, cutlery, etc.), after being washed, dry differently. Investigate how the time of drying depends on relevant parameters.
3. Bouncing flame
Place a flame (e.g. from a Bunsen burner) between two charged parallel metal plates. Investigate the motion of the flame.
4. Breaking spaghetti
Find the conditions under which dry spaghetti falling on a hard floor does not break.
5. Car
Build a model car powered by an engine using an elastic air-filled toy-balloon as the energy source. Determine how the distance travelled by the car depends on relevant parameters and maximize the efficiency of the car.
6. Convection
In a container filled with a liquid, heat transport will occur when the bottom of the container is heated and the top surface is cooled. How does the phenomenon change when the container rotates about its vertical axis?
7. Cup drum
A plastic cup is held upside-down and tapped on its base. Investigate the sound produced when the open end of the cup is above, on or below a water surface.
8. Domino amplifier
A row of dominoes falling in sequence after the first is displaced is a well known phenomenon. If a row of "dominoes" gradually increases in height, investigate how the energy transfer takes place and determine any limitations to the size of the dominoes.
9. Escaping powder
When a hot wire is plunged into a beaker of water with powder (e.g. lycopodium) floating on the surface, the powder moves rapidly. Investigate the parameters that alter the speed of movement of the powder.
10. Faraday heaping
When a container filled with small spheres (e.g. mustard seeds) is vibrated vertically with a frequency between 1 – 10 Hz, so called Faraday heaping occurs. Explore this phenomenon.
11. Fingerprints
Fill a glass with a liquid and hold it in your hands. If you look from above at the inner walls of the glass, you will notice that the only thing visible through the walls is a very bright and clear image of patterns on your fingertips. Study and explain this phenomenon.
12. Levitating spinner
A toy consists of a magnetic spinning top and a plate containing magnets (e.g. "Levitron"). The top may levitate above the magnetic plate. Under what conditions can one observe the phenomenon?
13. Light bulb
What is the ratio between the thermal energy and light energy emitted from a small electric bulb depending on the voltage applied to a bulb?
14. Moving cylinder
Place a sheet of paper on a horizontal table and put a cylindrical object (e.g. a pencil) on the paper. Pull the paper out. Observe and investigate the motion of the cylinder until it comes to rest.
15. Slow descent
Design and make a device, using one sheet of A4 80 gram per paper that will take the longest possible time to fall to the ground through a vertical distance of 2.5m. A small amount of glue may be used. Investigate the influence of the relevant parameters.
16. Smoke stream
A glass jar is covered with cellophane. A tightly folded paper tube of length 4-5 cm is inserted hermetically into the jar through the cellophane cover. The tube is oriented horizontally. If one burns the outside end of the tube the dense smoke flows into the jar. Explore this phenomenon.
17. Vikings
According to a legend, Vikings were able to navigate in an ocean even during overcast (dull) weather using tourmaline crystals. Study how it is possible to navigate using a polarizing material. What is the accuracy of the method?
第三屆賽題
1. gaussian cannon: A chain of identical steel balls and a strong magnet (somewhere in the chain) are lying in a nonmagnetic channel. A further steel ball rolls slowly towards the chain and collides. The last outgoing ball in the chain is shot away faster, than you would imagine. Optimize the magnet’s position for the largest effect.
2. Cutting through the air: When a piece of thread (e.g., nylon) with a light mass attached at its end is whirled in the air, a distinct noise is emitted. Study the origin of this noise and relevant parameters.
3. Chain of beads: A long chain of beads is released from a beaker by pulling a sufficient long part of the chain over the edge of the beaker. Due to gravity the speed of the chain increases. At a certain moment the chain does not touch the edge of the beaker any more (see picture). Investigate and explain the phenomenon.
4. Fluid bridge: If high voltage is applied to a fluid (e.g. water) in two beakers, which are in contact, a fluid bridge can be formed. Investigate the phenomenon.
5. Bright waves: Illuminate a water tank. When there are waves on the water surface, you can see bright-dark patterns on the bottom of the tank. Study the relation between the waves and the pattern.
6. woodpecker toy: A woodpecker toy (see picture) exhibits an oscillatory motion. Investigate and explain the motion of the toy.
7. Drawing pins: A drawing pin floating on the surface of water near a similar floating object is subject to an attractive force. Investigate and explain the phenomenon. Is it possible to achieve a repulsive force as well?
8. Bubbles: Is it possible to float on water, when there are large amounts of bubbles? Study how the floating of the body depends on the bubbles.
9. Magnet and coin: Put a coin vertically on a magnet. Incline the coin and then release it. The coin may fall down onto the magnet or reconvert to its vertical position. Study and explain the coin’s motion.
10. Rocking bottle: Fill a water bottle with some liquid. Lay it down on a horizontal plane and give it a kick. The bottle may move forward and then oscillate before it comes to a full stop. Investigate the motion of the bottle.
11. Flat flow: Fill a thin gap between two large transparent horizontal parallel plates with a liquid and make a little hole in the centre of one of the plates. Investigate the flow in such a cell, if a different liquid is injected through the hole.
12. Lanterns: Paper lanterns float using a candle. Design and make a lantern using a single tea-light to take the shortest possible time (from lighting the candle) to float up a vertical height of 2.5m. Investigate the influence of the various parameters.
13. Misty glass: Blow on a cold glass with your mouth so that water mist condenses on the glass surface. Look at a white lamp through the misty glass, you can see dim colourful rings appear outside the central fuzzy white spot. Explain the phenomenon.
14. Granular jets: When a marble or ball bearing is dropped onto a bed of fine, loose sand there will be a broad splash of sand at impact and, after the marble has penetrated deeply into the bed, a tall jet of granular material that shoots up vertically. How are these jets formed and what keeps them so collimated?
15. Frustrating golf ball: It often happens that a ball (e.g. a golf ball) escapes from a cylindrical hole an instant after it has been putted in. Explain this phenomenon and investigate the conditions under which it can be observed.
16. Rising bubble: A vertical tube is filled with a viscous fluid. On the bottom of the tube, there is a large air bubble. Study the bubble rising from the bottom to the surface.
17. Ball in foam: A small, light ball is placed inside soap foam. The size of the ball should be comparable to the size of the foam bubbles. Investigate the ball’s motion as a function of the relevant parameters.
