A Basic Introduction
Puralbum (Echinops latifolius Tausch alias: blue planet belongs to the family: Asteraceae Echinops distribution: the genus Echinops latifolius Tausch. There are about 120 species distributing in Southern Europe, Central Europe, North Africa, and the former Soviet Union, the Central Asia, Caucasus, Siberia) and other regions in China have 17 .
Echinops latifolius Tausch ecological adaptability in the Chinese Tianshan area in Xinjiang, northeast and Inner Mongolia, eastern Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi, and used in common hillside meadows and hillsides of sparse understory, with altitude of 1200 ~ 2200m, is a kind of alpine flowers Echinops latifolius Tausch ecological adaptability in the Chinese Tianshan area in Xinjiang, northeast and Inner Mongolia, eastern Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi, and used in common hillside meadows and hillsides of sparse understory, with altitude of 1200 ~ 2200m, is a kind of alpine flowers . subsp.Linn. var. genus Carthamus tinctorius L. var. Intern.Acad. Sp. Pl.: 814. 1753 Flora of China ": 78) (1: 0.015 Group - Fortress of Echinops latifolius Tausch Herds var. Chinese subfamily: Subfamily Muhuhu var. Outline of Chinese Name: Latin Name dicotyledon Gang: door - FortressAngiospermae door Latin Name: Use:
good honey plants.
Morphological Feature
a perennial herbaceous plant, the plant height was 40 ~ 120cm unequal a perennial herbaceous plant, the plant height was 40 ~ 120cm unequal . Stem solitary, branched with long or short, stout, all of the stem branches are dense multicellular hairs longer section of the thin and sparse arachnoid tomentum Mao Stem solitary, branched with long or short, stout, all of the stem branches are dense multicellular hairs longer section of the thin and sparse arachnoid tomentum Mao .
base and lower stem leaves lanceolate, 15 - 25 cm long, 5 - 10 cm tall, bipinnate - pinnatifid, (3) and the side lobes 5, triangular or lanceolar, prickles on the edge of the teeth, the tip of the needle - shaped tapering, upward tapering leaves with basal leaves and lower stem leaves homomorphic etc and sample splitting base and lower stem leaves lanceolate, 15 - 25 cm long, 5 - 10 cm tall, bipinnate - pinnatifid, (3) and the side lobes 5, triangular or lanceolar, prickles on the edge of the teeth, the tip of the needle - shaped tapering, upward tapering leaves with basal leaves and lower stem leaves homomorphic etc and sample splitting . all leaf texture thin, papery, Two Different Color. The green one, is dense with short brown hair, light green to glaucous below, thinner arachnoid woolly,But along the midvein there are more cells to the long - hair
compound head branch tip, diameter 4 - 5. 5 cm long and 2 cm .
heads based in length of 1 cm, the total is half the length of a bract, white, hairy, not as long as outer bracts heads based in length of 1 cm, the total is half the length of a bract, white, hairy, not as long as outer bracts . base is slightly longer than Mao, longer oblanceolate, elliptical upper widening, brown, slightly outside is densely hispid and short glandular punctate, margin long ciliate, apex long acuminate shaped needling direction, the claw is on the lower portion of up to 4 mm long, glabrous; bracts middle oblanceolate or oblong, ca. 1 cm, margin with long cilia, outside of the short dense brown hairs in the inner layer and lanceolate, with a length of 8 mm,outside covered with dense short hispid, apex awned tooth crack or flake awns, awns intermediate crack longer
bracts all 14 18 bracts all 14 18 . Duo many flowers in close heads in a spherical form of the compound head, reaches a diameter of 4 cm, the capitulum is about 2cm long, pale blue or white florets, the outer involucral bracts setiform surrounded by, and found to contain only a little
corolla tube - shaped, with pointed lobes, infructescence cylindrical achene densely tawny pubescent, with short pappuses corolla tube - shaped, with pointed lobes, infructescence cylindrical achene densely tawny pubescent, with short pappuses . deep corolla 5 - lobed, lobes linear. Corolla tube without glandular dots or have sparse glandular achene
inverted cone - shaped, ca. 7 mm, densely yellow antrorse appressed of long, straight hair, pappus pappus does not cover the cup - shaped with a height of about 1. 2 mm; pappus diaphragm linear, edge roughness hairy, mostly with
fruiting period 8 September fruiting period 8 September .
Ecological Habits
Echinops latifolius Tausch, adaptable, drought resistance, barren - resistant, cold resistant, grows well in cool weather and well drained sandy soil, is jealous of the hot, wet and waterlogging, being of extensive manage - ment and Echinops latifolius Tausch, adaptable, drought resistance, barren - resistant, cold resistant, grows well in cool weather and well drained sandy soil, is jealous of the hot, wet and waterlogging, being of extensive manage - ment and . is a good summer flower ' is a good summer flower '.
Reproduction
Echinops latifolius Tausch may be propagated by seed, the root cuttings and tissue culture and so on in the way Echinops latifolius Tausch may be propagated by seed, the root cuttings and tissue culture and so on in the way . 1 is propagated by seed and seed propagation, seeds of Echinops latifolius Tausch in 20 to 25 DEG C under the condition of easy germination and emergence was high, but the propagation method of seedling progeny. The segregation is relatively large, reducing of Echinops latifolius Tausch ornamental quality
2 root cuttings echinops root has a strong regeneration ability, through the roots of the cuttings can obtain plenty of adventitious buds, but also by cutting propagation may be more stable offspring of acquired character 2 root cuttings echinops root has a strong regeneration ability, through the roots of the cuttings can obtain plenty of adventitious buds, but also by cutting propagation may be more stable offspring of acquired character . of the root cuttings are generally employed in such a manner that reproduction,mother plant can maintain the excellent characteristics of of the root cuttings are generally employed in such a manner that reproduction,mother plant can maintain the excellent characteristics of .
method, matrix: river sand: peat = 1: 1: 1, the roots are cut into 2 ~ 3cm (body length method, matrix: river sand: peat = 1: 1: 1, the roots are cut into 2 ~ 3cm (body length . thong up post - seedling disk overlying a plastic film, in order to preserve the humidity and thong up post - seedling disk overlying a plastic film, in order to preserve the humidity and .
10 days later, the upper end of the insertion section in the shape of a protrusion is formed on the first white callus and then adventitious buds, 20 days later, the lower end of the adventitious roots differentiated and 10 days later, the upper end of the insertion section in the shape of a protrusion is formed on the first white callus and then adventitious buds, 20 days later, the lower end of the adventitious roots differentiated and . this method can be carried out in a greenhouse year - round, if the open - field may be in the spring, until March, two months after the cuttage seedling growth, colonization this method can be carried out in a greenhouse year - round, if the open - field may be in the spring, until March, two months after the cuttage seedling growth, colonization .
select well - drained areas by planting distance of 40cm, then pouring a permeable select well - drained areas by planting distance of 40cm, then pouring a permeable . pay attention to cultivating and weeding, watering is properly controlled,The timely rain after drainage pay attention to cultivating and weeding, watering is properly controlled,The timely rain after drainage .
tissue culture using tissue culture techniques can be produced in factory, and realize the fast reproduction of Echinops latifolius Tausch, virus - free plants, and it can maintain the excellent traits of unchanged, and the available tissue culture breeding new varieties of mutagenic tissue culture using tissue culture techniques can be produced in factory, and realize the fast reproduction of Echinops latifolius Tausch, virus - free plants, and it can maintain the excellent traits of unchanged, and the available tissue culture breeding new varieties of mutagenic . cultivation: should be planted in sunny, well drained soils cultivation: should be planted in sunny, well drained soils .
Echinops Latifolius Tausch Of Tissue Culture And Rapid Propagation
1 Material category echinops root cuttings obtained adventitious buds 1 Material category echinops root cuttings obtained adventitious buds . 2 culture conditions (1) Proliferation medium: MS + 6 - BA 2. 0 mg. L - 1 + NAA 0. 2
(2) subculture medium: MS (2) subculture medium: MS . (3) Rooting medium: 1 / 2MS + NAA 0. 02 + IBA0. 5 ~ 1. 0
wherein proliferation culture medium and subculture medium with 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar medium supplemented with 1. 5% sucrose and 0.7% agar; pH 5.8, and incubation temperatures (24 2) c,h = 16. d - 1, the illumination intensity of 40 u mol m - 2 s - 1 3 grown with the differentiation condition 3. 1: obtaining sterile materials, with a diameter of 0. 5 ~ 0. 8 cm, 3 cm long echinops root cuttings, matrix for river sand: peat = 1: 1
10 d after cutting, and the upper end of the first protrusion forming a white callus and then adventitious buds to 10 d after cutting, and the upper end of the first protrusion forming a white callus and then adventitious buds to . of the root cuttings obtained buds without leaves, with a length of 0. 5 ~ 1 cm) as a tissue culture and rapid propagation of explant inoculation before rinsing with running water for 1 h, and then with 75% alcohol for 20 sec,sterile water for 2 times; 2% sodium hypochlorite for 10 - 15 min, washed with sterile water for 5 times and
was inoculated into the medium (1) on the was inoculated into the medium (1) on the . 3. 2 buds' 5 d after inoculation, the explants are beginning to swell at the cut - outs; for 15 days, the explants at the incision and differentiation in the presence of a large number of adventitious buds, followed by subculturing 20 d
bud induction, that of 6 - BA concentration increasing, the bud number is increasing year by year; but with the increase of the NAA concentration, the average sprout length will decrease, and when only 6 - BA and NAA. The ratio of 10,to obtain the best effect of inducing the propagation coefficient reaching 15. 3, the average sprout length was 2 cm medium (1) is the best medium of bud propagation and rooting culture before medium (1) is the best medium of bud propagation and rooting culture before .
and and . nee be added vegetative growth - regulating substances in the medium (2) is the ideal and the relationship between the growth medium 3 nee be added vegetative growth - regulating substances in the medium (2) is the ideal and the relationship between the growth medium 3 .
. 3 rootage and transplanting of plantlets grow to 3 ~ 4 cm, and transferred to radication medium (3) in the dark for 3 days, then transferred to and cultured under light 2000lx in the dark for 3 days, then transferred to and cultured under light 2000lx .
30 d after the statistics, the numbers of adventitious roots, taproot reaching 3 to 4 on average, 20 to 25 and lateral roots, root length of 6 ~ 8 cm,the rooting rate reached 80% 30 d after the statistics, the numbers of adventitious roots, taproot reaching 3 to 4 on average, 20 to 25 and lateral roots, root length of 6 ~ 8 cm,the rooting rate reached 80% . at this time in the incubation chamber is opened the bottle cover 3 d, then carefully with tweezers and a clip to obtain virus - free culture medium and roots, and the process proceeds to the sterile matrix (river sand: peat = 2: 1) at this time in the incubation chamber is opened the bottle cover 3 d, then carefully with tweezers and a clip to obtain virus - free culture medium and roots, and the process proceeds to the sterile matrix (river sand: peat = 2: 1) .
seedling culturing in artificial climate chamber, controlling the humidity of 80%, temperature 20 DEG C, of suitable illumination, the matrix cannot too wet, the survival rate can reach 90% above seedling culturing in artificial climate chamber, controlling the humidity of 80%, temperature 20 DEG C, of suitable illumination, the matrix cannot too wet, the survival rate can reach 90% above .
Application
The flower, Echinops latifolius Tausch; and can be cut and dried flowers The flower, Echinops latifolius Tausch; and can be cut and dried flowers . pattern due to the strange, beautiful and rich, long growth period can be applied to families, hotels, restaurants, flower, cut flower market, the consumers, especially overseas, and he is loved and accepted, and is expected to enter the international market pattern due to the strange, beautiful and rich, long growth period can be applied to families, hotels, restaurants, flower, cut flower market, the consumers, especially overseas, and he is loved and accepted, and is expected to enter the international market .
② Garden Application of Echinops latifolius Tausch is high altitude grassland and mountainous region of wild flowers, after it has distanced itself from the extensive management, adaptable, and low maintenance cost, and has a beautiful and rich, like inflorescence chic and beautiful, the landscaping has a broad application prospect in the ② Garden Application of Echinops latifolius Tausch is high altitude grassland and mountainous region of wild flowers, after it has distanced itself from the extensive management, adaptable, and low maintenance cost, and has a beautiful and rich, like inflorescence chic and beautiful, the landscaping has a broad application prospect in the . A,planting ornamental A,planting ornamental .
Echinops latifolius Tausch graceful plant type, its pedicels from the leaf rosette, much branched, 3 ~ 12 branches; the number is around several, many had been 40; by diameter in 4 ~ 8 cm; and color has blue, purple, white color and the like; planting plants in the grass, and the like at the corners on the road. It is very obvious, to attract visitors to the line of sight due to Echinops latifolius Tausch After flowering shoot it gradually wither, so pay attention to the reasonable collocation with other plants for planting, create a continuous landscape of Echinops latifolius Tausch After flowering shoot it gradually wither, so pay attention to the reasonable collocation with other plants for planting, create a continuous landscape of .
B B . Cong Zhi Echinops latifolius Tausch has good Bush trait, but it has very strong root regeneration of adventitious bud,After a couple of years they will produce a Cong Zhi Echinops latifolius Tausch has good Bush trait, but it has very strong root regeneration of adventitious bud,After a couple of years they will produce a .
Cong Cong Zhi Cheng landscape of Echinops latifolius Tausch turf grown on or thin forests, dull green space full of rustic charm, for people to get in touch with nature in the emotional satisfaction of Cong Cong Zhi Cheng landscape of Echinops latifolius Tausch turf grown on or thin forests, dull green space full of rustic charm, for people to get in touch with nature in the emotional satisfaction of . C, slice a C, slice a .
Echinops latifolius Tausch slice were; planting along both sides of the road Echinops latifolius Tausch slice were; planting along both sides of the road . may soften the blunt curve to avoid the rules of the road and hedgerow line | evergreen with small shrubs planted, it is possible to create a changing landscape, than with shrubs planted in Greenbelt in the form may soften the blunt curve to avoid the rules of the road and hedgerow line | evergreen with small shrubs planted, it is possible to create a changing landscape, than with shrubs planted in Greenbelt in the form .
additionally make flower bed planting also can meet the diverse needs of color D additionally make flower bed planting also can meet the diverse needs of color D ., , .
gardens as the greening is the rapid development of construction,ground cover for gardens and landscapes and ecological function of a carrier is increasingly valued by the designers gardens as the greening is the rapid development of construction,ground cover for gardens and landscapes and ecological function of a carrier is increasingly valued by the designers . Echinops latifolius Tausch ground cover plants, starch has many ecological Echinops latifolius Tausch ground cover plants, starch has many ecological .
its wide distribution and adaptability, strong resistance, may be in the arid, barren land and hillsides of sparse understory growth is good, and once planted can be enjoyed for years to come, can greatly reduce the management cost its wide distribution and adaptability, strong resistance, may be in the arid, barren land and hillsides of sparse understory growth is good, and once planted can be enjoyed for years to come, can greatly reduce the management cost . it and other annual and biennial herb flowers planted according to the application to the parterre, border, the mountain slope protection, in particular at planting in the forest space, it can be reasonably utilize space, which in turn may create a continuous landscape, the greening ground cover material being potential it and other annual and biennial herb flowers planted according to the application to the parterre, border, the mountain slope protection, in particular at planting in the forest space, it can be reasonably utilize space, which in turn may create a continuous landscape, the greening ground cover material being potential .
Studies On The Chemical Constituents
Using silica gel column chromatography, preparative reverse - phase HPLC purification, 1H - NMR13C - NMR and the chemical structures result from Using silica gel column chromatography, preparative reverse - phase HPLC purification, 1H - NMR13C - NMR and the chemical structures result from . echinops root isolated and identified eight compounds were identified as: 5 - (3 - butyn - 1 - 2), 2,2 '- bithiophene - 5 - (4 - - -) 1 - 2, 2' -, 1 -, 2 - (-2,4 - 1, 3) - (5 - 3,4 - dihydroxy - 2 - butyne - 1) thiophen - 2 - (penta - echinops root isolated and identified eight compounds were identified as: 5 - (3 - butyn - 1 - 2), 2,2 '- bithiophene - 5 - (4 - - -) 1 - 2, 2' -, 1 -, 2 - (-2,4 - 1, 3) - (5 - 3,4 - dihydroxy - 2 - butyne - 1) thiophen - 2 - (penta - .
3 - 1) 5 - (3 -, 4 - - - - compounds) 1, 2, 2 - propyn - 1 - (5 - (5), 6 - dihydroxy - 1, 3) thiophene - 2 - (1 - Pro) - 5 - (5 -, 6 - 1 -, 3 -) - compounds, 3), luteolin (1uteolin, 4),ajugasterone C (, 5), clove (, 6), chlorogenic acid, and 7), Cynara scolymus (, 8) 3 - 1) 5 - (3 -, 4 - - - - compounds) 1, 2, 2 - propyn - 1 - (5 - (5), 6 - dihydroxy - 1, 3) thiophene - 2 - (1 - Pro) - 5 - (5 -, 6 - 1 -, 3 -) - compounds, 3), luteolin (1uteolin, 4),ajugasterone C (, 5), clove (, 6), chlorogenic acid, and 7), Cynara scolymus (, 8) . CONCLUSION Compounds 5, 7, 8 is obtained from this plant for the first time. 
Identification Of Aaron's
Powder of the Powder of the . brown bast fibre bundle, having a diameter of 20 to 42 m, wall thickness, the cell gap has a brown resin - like brown bast fibre bundle, having a diameter of 20 to 42 m, wall thickness, the cell gap has a brown resin - like .
wood fibers are elongated, tapered ends, with a diameter of 12 to 30. m u.m, thicker walls, pits and reticulated vessels, having a diameter of 20 to 120. m u.m Shi rare cells, such as oval, rectangular or square, the diameter of 35 - 150. m u.m, the grain layer and the hole channel distinct intercellular brown resin - like visible inulin
.
Pharmacological Action
1. The bacteriostatic experiment of Echinops latifolius water extract in vitro on Xu Lan's schonleinii, tight Chromoblastomycosis, Nocardia spp. such as skin fungus had obvious inhibition 2. Echinops latifolius Tausch phytoecdysones with Adaptogen
3. ecdysterone was reversed due to the glucagon - induced hyperglycemia, and hepatic cholesterol synthesis 4. increased in normal and immunosuppressed animals in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes and the ratio of the number of
5. Echinops latifolius water extract can ameliorate, alleviate atherosclerotic lesions, lowering the visceral fat tissue in the pigment content,prevent the free radicals of organism damage 6. Echinops latifolius Tausch different extract on active oxygen scavenging
7. Echinops latifolius water extract light purine photooxidation had the antagonistic effects on the purine light produces singlet oxygen scavenging of uniflorum drain and aerial parts of rhizoma phragmitis decoction can inhibit the rat heart, brain, liver, kidney tissue of lipid peroxide formation, the lipid peroxidation in uniflorum drain and aerial parts of rhizoma phragmitis decoction can inhibit the rat heart, brain, liver, kidney tissue of lipid peroxide formation, the lipid peroxidation in .
Introduction Effect
Chinese name: Tausch Pinyin: Byname: Source: Definition: Echinops latifolius Tausch or Echinops grijsii of dried root Chinese name: Tausch Pinyin: Byname: Source: Definition: Echinops latifolius Tausch or Echinops grijsii of dried root . collected in spring and autumn, the removal of fibers and washed clean, dried in the sun collected in spring and autumn, the removal of fibers and washed clean, dried in the sun .
Properties: This product is similar to a cylindrical, slightly twisted, with a length of 10 to 25 cm, diameter 0. 5 ~ 1. 5 cm, the surface of the greyish yellow or greyish - brown with longitudinal wrinkles, and topped with brown fibrous bristles It's hard, not easy to be fractured.breaking cross section is brownish, the xylem is yellow and black radial texture
gas micro, taste astringent gas micro, taste astringent . concocted: removing impurities, washing, moistening, and drying in the sun concocted: removing impurities, washing, moistening, and drying in the sun .
Nature and flavor and channel tropism of taste: bitter, cold - meridian Tropism on Nature and flavor and channel tropism of taste: bitter, cold - meridian Tropism on . .
Indication: heat and toxin, hemostasis, eliminating carbuncle of lower milk Indication: heat and toxin, hemostasis, eliminating carbuncle of lower milk . for the SMU's sore, and carbuncle, breast abscess, galactostasis, scrofula, sores and also as a vermifuge in Chinese traditional medicine agent for the SMU's sore, and carbuncle, breast abscess, galactostasis, scrofula, sores and also as a vermifuge in Chinese traditional medicine agent .
. Usage and dosage: 4 to 9 g and storage: a well - ventilated and dry place Usage and dosage: 4 to 9 g and storage: a well - ventilated and dry place .
31The Discussed
"Compendium of Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.), lower milk, eliminating toxic heat, expelling pus, styptic, insecticidal, Dongyuan thought the hand and foot Yangming, ancient prescription treating carbuncle of the back, uniflower swisscentaury root soup called Pang also led by An" Shanghan Lun "is used for the treatment of carbuncle and resolvent when hot row pox, uniflower swisscentaury root and leaf, a cloud - free then from wild capejasmine fruit, is also taking its antipyretic cold, cover it can into the Yangming as Pang also led by An" Shanghan Lun "is used for the treatment of carbuncle and resolvent when hot row pox, uniflower swisscentaury root and leaf, a cloud - free then from wild capejasmine fruit, is also taking its antipyretic cold, cover it can into the Yangming as .
" Herbal Classic "Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.), the letdown can be bitter, salty and, in addition to heat and cold, It chills Tongli medicine also Talleyrand hot skin, sores or boils, carbuncle, haemorrhoids, rheumatism, lower milk Talleyrand hot skin, sores or boils, carbuncle, haemorrhoids, rheumatism, lower milk .
Ben Jing Feng Yuan" Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.), "" treating heat toxin, sore, lower breast, to which supplementary materials. It can also,To discharge pus to medicine insecticidal sterilizing cover salty, and cold in detoxification, the clothes will find fresh stool diarrhea, evil from is it also a salty, and cold in detoxification, the clothes will find fresh stool diarrhea, evil from is it also a .
Materia Medica, truth - seeking "Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.), spermatorrhea hematuria can stop, both for the poison and other self - locking, it need not have supposed the astringent Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.), solid, plainreliable " this continuing hydrophobic "Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.)," Through, "which claims to lower milk," Bielu "stating that his arrest and enuresis, as opposed to real, He? My husband drowned while warming Yand to pass, while the pure milk under
enuresis because. So hot, milk years.12 because. So hot, there are also two non - diuresis. It is precisely due to the heat removal, is to enable travelers should not be attributed to the do's and don't, but travelers should not row of but no,Rhaponticum uniflorum is a mystery to he who is the choice of agent may be by wet syndrome also
"Bencao justice" Rhaponticum uniflorm (L.), release the conglutination, and seed of cowherb functions recently, while the straight discharge, especially through non - Gou , , .
It's not light for not only the female consuming groups, especially the loss of vital qi It's not light for not only the female consuming groups, especially the loss of vital qi . "Riji" pass the small intestine, discharge is drowning in blood and milk to intestinal carbuncle, discharging pus, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, but excess heat, a temporary "Riji" pass the small intestine, discharge is drowning in blood and milk to intestinal carbuncle, discharging pus, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, but excess heat, a temporary .
Remarks
For early sore, carbuncle and swelling pain, often with forsythia, rhubarb, and the like, when used in combination; for breast pain and said to - be - carbuncle is commonly combined with trichosanthes fruit, dandelion, etc. and through the combined application of the product and can pass the milk , tetrapanacis medulla, cowherb seed, etc., which can be used to cover milk years.12
. may again be used for a variety of tumors such as liver for tumor, and is often associated with S. barbata, lobelia, salvia chinensis, etc fit application
1 1.
